Tárnoki Judit szerk.: Tisicum - A Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok Megyei Múzeumok Évkönyve 19. (2009)

Régészettudomány - Reményi László - A nagyrévi kultúra kulturális és kronológiai kérdései

Tisicum XIX. the geographical extent of the Nagyrév culture sites is much wider: they inhabit both the areas between the Danube and Tisza rivers, and the inner parts of Csepel Island. Thus, the geographically and culturally independent sites of the Nagyrév culture appear in most of the areas of the Beaker-Csepel group during the Early Bronze Age 2b period; nevertheless, a later (Early Bronze Age 2b) phase can also be attested to the Beaker-Csepel group, primarily to the north. Presumably, the situation was similar in the border zones of other contemporary or partially contemporary cultures (Makó, Perjámos, Hatvan, Somogyvár-Vinkovci, Kisapostag) in contact with the Nagyrév culture. Among these, the most spectacular pieces of evidence are the graves of Kisapostag mentioned above, which appear in the late Nagyrév cemeteries. Similar cultural models of the period are known from other areas as well, as the connections of the Corded Ware, late Kosihy-Caka cultures, the Beaker groups of Central Europe, and the first Early Bronze Age cultures (ProtoAunjetitz, Aunjetitz) can be described in a like manner. Along the banks of the Danube, in the Late Nagyrév layers of the tell settlements and in the Nagyrév-Vatya cemeteries with a large number of graves, the latest, Kulcs phase of the Nagyrév culture can also be found, which covers the Early Bronze Age 3b period. Based on the above mentioned tells and cemeteries, as well as the continuity of the material culture, genetic connections between the Kulcs phase and the early Vatya culture are without doubt, but, the Kisapostag, Hatvan and Tokod cultures all played a role in the formation of the Vatya culture. The Kulcs-Vatya, namely, the change from Early to Middle Bronze Age period can be dated to ca. 2000/1900 BC. Apart from the cultural and social changes connecting to the transitional period, the complex agricultural system of tell settlements developed during the Nagyrév culture remained determinative until the end of the Middle Bronze Age. I 254