Vízügyi Közlemények, 1997 (79. évfolyam)

2. füzet - Juhász Endre: Magyarország szennyvíz-elvezetési keretterve

Magyarország szennyvíz-elvezetési keretterve 169 sionally designed and operated "public utility substitutes". This concerns 23% of the population or 2.34 million people. Sewerage, sewage treatment and the use of advanced "public utility substitutes" will provide together 91% of the country's total population (9.31 million people) with sewage disposal that are environmentally acceptable. Another basic objective is to utilize treated effluents in accordance with the Eli directives. Capacities of various treatment stages and the generation of sewage sludge will, in the future, be characterized with the estimated quantities given in Table IX. The most important precondition of the agricultural utilizatoon of sewage sludge is to launch a pragramme an the pretreatment of the sludges of industrial waste waters and the corresponding regulations of the respective ministries should be brought to the national standard (MSZ) level. Sludge generation will, by the tum of the millennium, reach 3616 m

3/d or 426 tonnes/day in dry weight and the respective rates for the year 2010 are 14,350 m

3/d and 1,530 t/d (Table VIII.). Since these sludges are being stored in dumping grounds it is essential to launch a programme on the pretreatment of industrial waste waters and on the disposal of waste water sludges. Eventually the utilization of sewage sludge is possible and when the sludge does not contain contaminants that would prevent its use, or the concentration of such contaminants remain below allowable level. This development will result in narrowing the gap between the levels of drinking water supply and sewerage/sewage treatment (the "public utility scissors" as termed in Hungary) to 7-8%, which, in international comparison, is nearly matching the respective gaps of developed countries. The development objective beyond the year 2010 can not be anything else than the complete reaching of the level of developed countries. In order to achieve the development objectives outlined above for the fields of sewerage, sewage treatment and sludge treatment utilization it is of utmost importance to establish the respective economic and legal regulations. The costs of sludge treatment and disposal are shown in Table X., while the costs of sewerage development in the period 1996-2010 are summarized in Table XI. The construction of sewers of 16,400 km total length would cost 411.8 milliard HUF, while the treatment cost of 1,181,000 m

3/d sewage will amount to 233.9 milliard HUF. The development costs of advanced "public utility substitutes" for about 100,000 m

3/d sewage water will amount to about 2.5 milliard HUF, as additional costs. It is important to set deadlines for the upgrading of existing sewage treatment facilities. It is equally important to establish the economic and legal regulations needed for the qualification, treatment and utilization of sewage sludges. Rahmenplan der Abwasserentsorgung Ungarns von Dr.-Ing. Endre JUHÁSZ, CSc. Um die Lebensverhältnisse der Bevbölkerung zu verbessern und um den Bedingungen des EUAnschlusses zu genügen, wünscht die ungarische Regierung auf dem Gebiet der Infrastruktur der Abwasserentsorgung ein dynamisches Entwicklungsprogramm zu verwirklichen. Um dessen planmäßige Durchführung zu gewährleisten, wurde ein alle zwei Jahre zu überprüfendes sog. Abwasserentsorgungsprogramm (Rahmenplan) erstellt. Darin wird der fur das Jahr 2010 vorgesehene Zielzustand definiert, der zu erwartende Kostenaufwand ermittelt, ein Zeitplan vorgeschlagen und die Basis für eine technisch-juristische Regelung geschaffen. Der Rahmenplan bildet gleichzeitig einen Teil