Vízügyi Közlemények, 1993 (75. évfolyam)

1. füzet - Csermák Béla-Hajós Béla: Hollandia vízgazdálkodási keretterve

Hollandia vízgazdálkodási keretterve 25 The water management masterplan of The Netherlands by Réla CSERMÁK and Béla HAJOS, civil engineers The third Water Management Masterplan of the Netherlands is an integrated one from the view point of the cooperation within the water industry as well as with the authorities of other economic sectors. The basic task of the water management is still the maintenance of the safety of control of flood waters and inland excess waters (Figures 1. and 2.); while a priority objective is to protect and improve the quality of water (Figure 3.). Within the planing strategies the dominating principles were: - The avoidance of risks, the principle of "cautiousness"; - The maintenance of well functioning systems, and - The harmonization with other government documents and with international developments. The programme has been elaborated for four main subject areas and, within this, for 15 "packages". Within each package final objectives (as of the year 2000) and intermediate objectives (as of the year 1995) arc dealt with. The activities of the state administration are discussed along with the technical activities - in accordance with the above principles - in a harmonized manner. The main subject areas are: Combatting pollution: This subject area is discussed with special emphasis. Pollution control right at the primary sources is urged, along with strategies aimed at the reduction of water demands and the more economic utilization of available water resources (Figures 4, 5. and 6.). Water systems and hydraulic establishments are dealt with the objective of better utilizing the natural and man made conditions within and outside the great dams along the coast. Controlled water uses; The main subject areas within this are; the drainage of excess waters, the control of water levels and the assurance of the good quality of waters (with special respect to ecological requirements). Organizations and the administrative and legal conditions, that include international cooperation as well. Activities of the water management are carried out with great efforts and enormous expenditures, especially in the field of fighting pollution. The activities of all parties; ministries, governmental and non-governmental organizations and the private sector are coordinated. A significant part of the respective cost is covered by the interested parties, while the rest is provided from taxes and charges and from the budgets of the local and state administrations. 'ITie paper discusses the similarities of the tasks and solutions of the water management of the Netherlands and of I Iungary (there are large floodplains in both countries; most of the water resources originate from abroad; the integrated management of water resources requires unified organization, etc; Figure 7). Similarities of the master plans of the two countries indicate that in 1 Iungary we follow the right direction, and the differences-when not stemming from given conditions - are initiating thoughts on the further development of the water resource management of Hungary. + + *