O. G. Dely szerk.: Vertebrata Hungarica 15. (Budapest, 1974)

Topál, Gy.: Field Observation on Oriental Bats. Sex Ratio and reproduction 83-94. o.

My data show the probable date of first delivery of females in late March, as in Bhubaneswar(18) I found a gravid female with a right horn fetus. The next birth might have taken place in summer, and this seems all the more likely as I collected in Poona(9) 6 juveniles unable to fly on August 5. These juveniles had a forearm length of 40-52 mm. Pteropus giganteus (BRÜNNICH, 1782) The small colonies proved to consist of males as observed in Gwarighat(13) and in Karla(7) village on March 29 and July 16 respectively. In a colony of cca 500 individuals found in Sivapur(10) on August 1, perhaps the females were in majority for the result of two shots were 1 male and 6 females. Cynopterus sphinx (VAHL, 1797) My observation seems to contradict that of BROSSÉT (1962/a), as in Poona(9) I saw a female flying with a well-grown young on August 2. Rhinopomatidae Rhinopoma hardwickei GRAY, 1831 The sex ratio in six specimens of this species was

5:1 for the males in the Udaygiri Caves (17) on January 9, while it was 2:1 (in 3 specimens) at the same Locality on February 11. E mballonuridae Taphozous longimanus HARDWICKE, 1825 I succeeded in collecting only a few females in Calcutta(22) on December 17, and in Konarak(19) on December 27, while in another locality at Calcutta a lonely male was collected on February 6. In artificial caves of Elephanta Island(3) I found the females in sexual rest on August 30. In Calcutta(22) I made similar observations on females of this species on December 12. Taphozous melanopogon TEMMINCK, 1841 I found both sexes together in Bhubaneswar(18) and in Kanheri Caves(4) on January 9 and on July 9, but in Ricchai(15) on March 16, as pregnancy advanced, the females separated themselves - to a certain degree - from the males and the latter were seen at a distance from the females. In Bhubaneswar(18) I found 4-5 mm. long embryos in females on February 12. At Ricchai(15) the embryos were 17-19 mm. long on March 16. AU these were in the right horn of uterus. These observations seem to be in accordance with those made by BROSSÉT 1962/a, b, i.e. delivery is in April. At the same time these data seem to give information on the growth-rate of embryos. In Tuong linh (34) a young female of this species(?) with 51.6 mm. long forearm was collected on May 20. This observation might indicate a birth time in early April in Vietnam too. 84