Diaconescu, Marius (szerk.): Mediaevalia Transilvanica 1998 (2. évfolyam, 1. szám)
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60 Zsoldos Attila megyebeliek (comprovinciales) közé tartozván többé-kevésbé aktív részvétel a helyi ügyek intézésében. Ezen ismérvek felhasználásával további kutatások a bárói poroszlóktól és helyettesektől függetlenül is jó néhány más genus esetében is igazolhatják annak ignobilis közszabad eredetét, azaz - a 13. század első kétharmadának jellegzetes kancelláriai terminológiájához alkalmazkodó megfogalmazással élve - királyi szervicnsi jogállását. The Middle Privileged Clans (genus) (Summary) According to sources from the 13th century it was very frequent, that a senior officer of the royal court (baro), member of a clan of grand nobility (de genere) employed a person belonging to one of the clans (genus) as deputy or as delegate (pristaldus) performing small assignments. This phenomenon is important as the Hungarian historiography — with a few exceptions - usually defines the clans related to the traditional nobility of the Arpád-era and makes a distinction only in what concerns property status. After the examination of the clans giving pristaldus or deputies the study concludes that in fact there existed differences from a social historical point of view between them and the class of big landowners. The relatives considered up to now as’’small clans” or “clans of local interest” shared the same characteristics: a modest estate situated on the territory of one, well defined country or region, the lack of members holding important ecclesiastical or secular functions but active presence in the administration of local problems of minor importance. (The subtitution of the barons and the performing of the pristaldus' duties is a typical but not a necessary characteristic of the public life of persons belonging to these clans.) These criteria are identical with the social characteristics of a stratum, whose members were called servientes regis during the major part of the 13th century in the Hungarian royal court, being discerned from traditional nobility. All these unambiguously indicate that the “small clans” appearing in the 13th century were formed of the descendents of the ignobilis middle privileged clans of the IIth and 12th centuries.
