Zs. P. Komáromy szerk.: Studia Botanica Hungarica 15. 1981 (Budapest, 1981)
Babos, Margit: Mycological examination of sawdust depots in Hungary
Results The sawdust depots proved to be very suitable for carrying out taxonomical examinations, in addition to the floristical data collected. Rare species which have undergone hardly any examinations so far could be found regularly and in a great number of specimens. Certain species showed full morphological identity on the occasions of collecting them either from different sawdust depots or even from sawdusts of different composition (Volvariella volvacea . V. bombycina, etc.). On the other hand, some species posses a great morphological variability; Pluteus patricius; Leucoagaric us bresadolae and v ar.biornatus (BABOS, 1979); Leucoagaricus mele agrls (BABOS, 1980); Pluteus variabilicolor (BABOS. 1978). in addition to the papers cited in connexion with the data processing, I shall deal with certain questions and with the description of two new taxa. Of the species belonging to the Agaricales order, there are 10 taxa (8 species + 2 varieties) which are the most characteristic of the mycocoenoses to be found in sawdust depots in Hungary. The 10 taxa mentioned belong taxonomically into two families - with the exception of Hohenbuehelia geogenia - viz. Pluteaceae (Pluteus . Volvariella) . and Agaricaceae (Leucoagaricus, Leucocoprlnus ) . Their order of frequency is as follows: Pluteus patricius Volvariella volvacea Pluteus variabilicolor Leucocoprlnus cepaestipes Leucoagaricus bresadolae (incl . var.rorulentus) (incl. var.biornatus) Hohenbuehelia geogenia Leucoagaricus meleagrls Pluteus atricapillus This fungus community is very stable. The characteristic species could be regularly found in the same periods of time at several depots, or in different periods of time at the same depots, and even these species not once fructified exclusively (see Table 1.), Fructification is of course not independent of factors of the surroundings, but it is more balanced here than in other habitats. The maximum or near-maximum species number of the characteristic mycocoenosis could be registered from June to September. In April and May mainly Pluteus species grow only on sawdust. It can be mentioned as a curiosity that the thermophilous Vol variella volvacea appears in May. The fructification of this species in our climatic conditions at such an early date was possible only because the warm up sawdust kept the temperature at the required degree. Factors related to temperature regulate the decrease in species number in October, too (See Table 2.). Table 2. Growth period of characteristic Agaricales species in two sawdust depots examined regularly on the basis of a summation of data (Szárliget 1976-1978 and Budakeszi 1978-1980) Species Month April May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. F Species April May Pluteus atricapillus + + + + 4 Pluteus patricius + + + + + + + 7 Pluteus variabilicolor + + + + + + + 7 Hohenbuehelia geogenia + + + 3 Leucoagaricus bresadolae + + + + + 5 (incl . var. biornatus) Leucoagaricus meleagrls + + + + 4 Leucocoprinus cepaestipes + + + + 5 (incl . var. rorulentus) Volvariella volvacea + + + + + 5 Number of species 2 3 7 8 7 8 5
