Rédey Judit: Hideg nyalat és spanyol tekercs. A fagylalt, a jégkrém és a parfé története (Budapest, 2007)

1856 - The American Alexander C. Twinning begins industrial application of refrigeration. Shortly thereafter, the Scottish James Harrison presents his vapor compressor freezer in Australia, to be used by the meat processing industry and beer breweries. 1859 -The Frenchman Ferdinand Carré patents his ammonia absorption refrigerator. The use of ammonia allowed a much lower freezing temperature and a higher specific refrigerating effect. This was never used in households, due to fears of escaping ammonia gas. Large freezing centers were established, and the ice manufactured there was then transported to homes and businesses. 1867- The American J. B. Sutherland patents the first refrigerator train coach. He designed ice chambers on both ends of the insulated coach. Air came in through the upper part of the coach, its circulation was regulated by cooling flaps. The first coaches were built by Parker Earle, for the transportation of fresh strawberries. 1876 - Carl von Linde, a professor from Munich, Germany designs the first reirigerator operating an ammonia compressor. 1895 - Carl von Linde establishes a large factory where air could be compressed into a liquid state. 1901 - Carl von Linde distills pure liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen from air by fractional distillation. 1928 - Two American engineers, Thomas Midgley and Charles Franklin Kettering invent freon. Freon is an odorless, colorless, non-toxic and non-flammable gas. The application of the new refrigerant is called for by the numerous accidents due to leaks from the earlier refrigerants: ammoniac, methylene-chloride and sulphur-dioxide. 1974 - It is proven that freon harms the ozone layer around the Earth. Later different new gases have been developed to replace freon. Fagylalttartály Ice cream container