Műemlék-helyreállítások tegnap, ma, holnap (A 27. Egri Nyári Egyetem előadásai 1997 Eger, 1997)

Előadások - Ismini TRIANTI: Restoration work carried out on the Acropolis of Athen

metopes and the west frieze of the Parthenon, as well as the Caryatids from the Erechteion have been transported to the Acropolis Museum. Of these statues the Cecrops group and the Caryatids are kept in an inert nitrogen environment. 2 active conservation consisting of consolidation interventions on the monuments themselves or on detached members in the site workshops. The interventions, aiming at restoring the various manifestations of the marble's loss of the coherence, are: Attachment: the fragments of marble which have become loosened or detached are cleaned on the broken surfaces and reattached with white Portland cement. When the fragment is in good condition the bond is reinforced with titanium dowel. When small flakes are to be attached, a mortar with reduced strength is used consisting of a mixture of cement and lime. Injection grouting. The interior spaces, cracks etc. are cleaned by water or air under pressure and hydrogen peroxide (Perhydrol) and filled by injecting cement or a mixture of cement and lime according to the strength required. Sealing. For shallow cracks, as well as after attachments or injection grouting, the joint is sealed with mortar made from a mixture of cement, lime and quartz sand with addition of an inorganic pigment to improve the chromatic homogeneity with the ancient marble. Impregnation. Wherever the marble exhibits intergranular decohesion (sugaring or microfissuring, the surface is sprayed or impregnated with a solution of limewater, with addition of calcium carbonate, even forty times. All the conservation materials used are inorganic, quite compatible to the pentelic marble. A cleaning project has not yet been applied, but the methods we are examining for the Acropolis monuments and sculptures are only the Lasers cleaning, the cleaning with absorptive poultice (sepiolithe), the inversion of gypsum into calcite and the microblasting method. For the protection of the marble after conservation, a material based on semiconductors was applied last year on a column of Propylaia as a pilot project, with satisfactory results to the moment. Beyond the intervention on the major monuments, work has been done for the Acropolis rock. The big masses of limestone on which the Acropolis monuments have been built, were consolidated against possible slidings

... under the supervision of the civil enginneer Dionysis Monokroussos. Another important work is the inventorying by the archaeologist Dinos Kissas of the immense quantity of marble fragments scattered on the ground, which come from the major or secondary architectural or votive monuments. Among them, many fragments were identified and have entered the Acropolis Museum storerooms or were rendered to the monuments to which they originally belonged. Trying to recapitulate what has been done and what remains to be done, we can summarize as follows: 1 The main sources of the technical problems be setting the Acropolis monuments at the beginning of the project and still to-day existing in the parts of the buildings that have not yet been treated, is the iron incorporated in the marble architectural members reset in place by Balanos. 2 The first step to be taken in solving these problems is to go on with the further dismantling of the architecture reerected by Balanos and remove the iron components. 3 In Balanos'reconstruction, no care was taken to assign the original architectural material to its correct place in the building on the base of the individual features of each architectural block. The blocks were