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KÖZLEMÉNYEK - Bartha Lajos: Magyarország első tervszerű felmérése (1696)

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THE FIRST SYSTEMATIC SURVEYING OF THE CARPATHIAN BASIN ON THE DOUBLE ANNIVERSARY:

L.F. MARSIGLI BORN 350 YEARS AGO AND J. CHR. MÜLLER’S MAP OF HUNGARY PREPARED 300 YEARS AGO

by Lajos Bartha Jr.

Count Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli ofBologna (1658- 1730), the military engineer of the war in Hungary and Eastern-Europe again the Ottoman Empire, since 1683, has involved profoundly in the exploration of the geography, natural philosophy and physical conditions of Hungary. Between 1690- and 1701 he was occupied with the survey of Hungary's hitherto unmapped regions and with the demarcation of the new Hungarian-Turkish border. Most of the practical field work associated with the cartographic and geomagnetic survey was entrusted to his collaborator Johann Christoph Müller (1673-1720) of Nuremberg. At the first steep Marsigli and Müller measured the positions with astronomical method of a number of geographical points along the River Danube and Tisza with^great accuracy (Tab. 1.). Between 15 April and 30 August 1696 Marsigli and Müller determined the geographical latitude, longitude and the geomagnetic variation of the site of Vienna, Buda (Budapest), Baja, the confluence of the River Dabube and the Dráva, of Titel, Szeged, Szolnok and Eger. The mean error was ±1,4' in the latitude, and ±7'in the longitude: this is an acceptable value at the end of the 17 century. The mean value for the magnetic variation in the centre of the Carpathia-basin was 10° to West. Marsigli published the summary of the measuring in the work „Danubialis Operis Prodromus, Lip- siae 1700” (and later in his excellent book „Danubius Pannonico-Mysicus”, Hague, 1726). This way Halley must have been informed about the survey, whose findings he used in his isogonal map, printed in London in 1702. The 10°W isogonal lines is the single line of variation in declination crossing the landmass of the continent.

Translated by Dr. Dénes Lóczy

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