H. dr. Harmat Beáta (szerk.): A Bakonyi Természettudományi Múzeum Közleményei 24. (Zirc, 2007)

NAGY BARNABÁS – PUSKÁS GELLÉRT: A Stenobothrus eurasius előfordulása és élőhelyi jellegzetességei a Kárpát-medencében (Orthoptera: Acridoidea)

FOLIA MUSEI HISTORICO-NATURALIS BAKONYIENSIS A BAKONYI TERMÉSZETTUDOMÁNYI MÚZEUM KÖZLEMÉNYEI Zirc, 24-2007; 35-57 A STENOBOTHRUS EURASIUS (ORTHOPTERA: ACRIDOIDEA) ELŐFORDULÁSA ÉS ÉLŐHELYI JELLEGZETESSÉGEI A KÁRPÁT-MEDENCÉBEN NAGY BARNABÁS & PUSKÁS GELLÉRT MTA Növényvédelmi Kutatóintézet, Budapest Abstract: Occurrence and habitat characteristics of Stenobothrus eurasius (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) in the Carpathian Basin - Sergeev's area-map (1986) on the acridid, S. eurasius did not yet include this species from Central Europe (Fig. 1). However, disjunct and localized populations of this grasshopper were first detected from Central- and SE-Europe in 19147/1951 (EBNER), in 1936 (PONGRÁCZ) and in 1958 (ÈEJCHAN). Later - mostly based on our collections - S. eurasius was detected nearly in every sub-regions of the Hungarian Middle Mountain Range (Fig. 2, Tables 1, 2). The present article is the first comprehensive treatment of the occurrences, distribution and of the preferred habitats of S. eurasius in the Carpathian Basin. Due to the restricted occurrences, and also to the rarity of this taxon, it received nature conservation status (in Hungary and Slovakia). It is included to the Hungarian Red Data Book and it became a species of the „NATURA 2000-net", too. The extensive eastern part of the Eurasian area of S. eurasius is narrowing in Central and SE Europe and split into isolated subspecies and population fragments. In our opinion the taxonomic status of the - partly questionable - subspecies should be solved in the future on genetic (and acoustic ?), instead of morphometric, grounds. The most preferred habitats of S. eurasius may be found on the S or SE/SW - often stony - steppe slopes in Hungary (predominantly on lime stone, mostly between 350-550 m a.s.L), covered by short or medium tall patchy/grassy vegetation. The Orthoptera assemblages of which S. eurasius is a member, are relatively species-rich and variable in species composition, occasionally containing further species being under nature protection in Hungary (such as e.g. Sagapedo, Pararcyptera microptera, and Isophya costata). The estimated dominance percentages of the S. eurasius specimens in the respective Orthoptera assemblages was below 20 % during the research period (Table 3). We also made remarks on the activity and phenology of this species (Table 4). The respective Hungarian population-fragments seem to be very different in size and vigour, some of them live on very restricted places and they are close to extinction, caused mostly by habitat degradation (urbanization). Keywords: grasshopper, disjunct distribution, Hungary, preferred habitats, accompanying species, NATURA 2000-net, Red Data Book, nature conservation