Dr. Tóth Sándor (szerk.): A Bakonyi Természettudományi Múzeum Közleményei 10. (Zirc, 1991)

DIETZEL GYULA: Új nappalilepke faj a Bakonyban. Adatok és megfigyelések a Colias erate ESP. (1804) bakonyi terjeszkedéséről (Lepidoptera, Rhop., Pieridae)

NEW PHOPALOCERA SPECIES IN THE BAKONY MOUNTAINS. DATA AND OBSERVATIONS FROM BAKONYI AN SPREADING OF COLIAS ERATE (ESP. 1804) Lep., Rhop., Pieridae The first specimens of this east-palaearctic Colias, had appeared still in early autumn of last year, in Tapolca Basin. They have arrived signals in the earlier years from central-eastern Europe. The breaking had began after July 20, to northwestward on the some places were relatively common. On the beginning I had more experiences from hybridizing symptoms. Later, these occurrences increased only. At the same time, were very few the typical yellow and also white-greyish var. pallida females. So, the reason will be evident, together with consequences, in this time on all southern-, and central-bakonyian zoogeographical zone flew probably many thousands erate males, more or less without females. The genetical relationship compeled the erate to does the another's copulation. The touched four Colias species: croceus, chrysotheme, hyale, australis. Between all captured and observated erate-s, I found about 60 hybridized specimens. So, I could bring forward a theory, with four groups: anyway hyaloid, australoid, croceoid and chrysothemoid hybrids. In some cases, the determinations were difficult, for example at croceoid and chrysothemoid forms. Fortunately, I had concrete experiences, when a violent erate male, has succesfully executed the copulation, with an australis female. It is not of the question, that these symptoms were solely in this first year only, when wasn't balance between the two sexes. The hybridization is not unknown in other ranges, for example in US, where this is a continual occurrence. (Colias eurytheme and C. philodice) In this year were problems with the generations too. In last season, the erate was flying in three generations, particularly on the Southern Bakony and Balaton Highland, where the first specimens occured still in early summer of 1990. (Balatonfüred: Koloska Valley) In northern region, the ,guards" in this time, still were absent, - with except probably a few lurking specimens, - so, this question now still uncleared. Its' foodplants are in all probability trefoils and alfalfa, but we haven't yet absolutely concrete experiences. Similar are unknown the crate's natural enemies, - at least momentary in the Bakony Mountains, - so is not impossible, that in future, the newcomer species will be in agriculture, as potenciál source of danger. A szerző címe (Author's address): DIETZEL Gyula H-8442 HÁRSKÚT Kossuth u. 11.