Antall József szerk.: Orvostörténeti közlemények 100. (Budapest, 1982)

KISEBB KÖZLEMÉNYEK — ELŐADÁSOK - Ringelhann Béla: A leküzdhetetlennek látszó betegség: a malária

37. Bodor M.: A váltóláz járványokról Bihar megyében és Nagyváradon. Orv. Heti/. 1871. 38. Genersich A. : Je/entés a Kolozsvár-Kocsárd-i vonal építésekor előfordult megbetegedésekről Kolozsvár, 18 75. 39. Szél S.: Adalék a váltóláz statisztikájához. Orv. Hetil. 1881. 40. Kéthly K. : A malaria aetiologiája. Orv. Hetil. 1890. 41. Purjesz Zs.: A maiariára vonatkozó vizsgálatok. Orv. Hetil. 1902. 42. Laveran, A. : Note sur un nouveau parasite trouvé dans le sang de plusieure malades ataintes de fièvre palustre. Note communiquée à 1' Académie de medicine. Scéance de 23 novembre 1880. (Paris, 1880.) 43. Ross, R. : On some peculiar pigmented cells found in two mosquitoes fed on malarial blood. Brit. med. J. 1796, 1897. 44. Hun N.: 50. éve hunyt el id. Jancsó Miklós. Orv. Hetil. 122, 1583, 1980. 45. Lukács D.: Id. Jancsó Miklós malaria kutatásai. Orv. Hetil. 122, 224, 1980. 46. Jancsó M. : A malaria kór és gyógytana. Orvosképzés 104, 1913. 47. Győrffy I.: Nagykunsági krónika. Bp. 1955. 48. Hollaender H.: A malaria elterjedése Magyarországon. Bp. 1907. 49. Hendrickse, R.G. — Adeniyi, A. — Edington, G.M. — Glasgow, E.g. — White, R.H.R. — Houba, V.: Quartan malarial nephrotic syndrome. Collaborative clinico-pathological study in Nigerian children. Lancet, 2, 1143, 1972. 50. Houba, V. — Lamber, P.H. — Mackey, L.J. — Miescher, P.A.: Immunopathology of malaria. In: Springer Seminars in Immunology. Eds: Miescher, P.A., Geneva and Mueller-Eberhard, H.J. La Jolla, 1980. 51. Jancsó M. — Rosenberg M.: Észleletek Kolozsvárnak és környékének malaria-endemiájáról. Orvos Természettud. Ért. (Kolozsvár) 21, I-II. köt. 1899. Summary According to Ross, malaria caused the Plague of Athens, the death of Pericles and the decline and fall of the Greek civilization. The disease was brought to Greece from Africa. A number of classics in Greek medicine were aware of that, from among them Hippocrates even described case reports. The next assault came again from Africa in 300-100 B.C.: presumably the Roman legionnaires sent to that continent brought malaria back with them. It is worth mentioning that in spite of the fact that Octavianus (later called Augustus) in 31 B.C. waged a war against Antonius and Clepoatra in the Balkan peninsula, malaria did not occur at the time. Malaria was widespread in Italy and many emperors and soldiers died of it. Otto the Great, Frederic I. Barbarossa, Dante Alighieri, etc. were also among the victims of this disease. The renaissance brought forth new ideas and renewed interest in the disease. The quinin, the new Peruvian bark to cure malaria was introduced in Italy and later in the rest of Europe. The Peruvian bark was a milestone in phyto-pharmacology in European medicine. In the southern part of Hungary a malarial case was reported in 1456. It is interesting that the disease spread from South to North in this country. A number of historical books tell us that Beatrice of Este, the wife of Matthias Corvin (King of Hungary) suffered from this disease in the 15th century. Prince Rákóczi in the 18th century suffered from the same malady but later he recovered. Malaria had been constantly studied for centuries by Hungarian physicians whose views were strongly influenced by Galenus who thought that malaria was caused by biliary fever. At the beginning of the 18th century more then half of Hungary was inundated. River, stagnant and marshy water covered the countryside and this was a hotbed for malaria. Celli, the Italian research worker and writer wrote that the Netherlands and Hungary were infested with malaria and invading soldiers often died in both countries of the intermittent fever. Laveran in 1880 and Ross in 1897 discovered the parasite and the mosquito as the vector of the disease. In our country Professor Miklós Jancsó of the University of Kolozsvár (now ClujNapoca in Romania) wrote many papers on malaria. According to him, all four types were