Technikatörténeti szemle 11. (1979)

TANULMÁNYOK - Vajda Pál: Creative Hungarians in mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry, technical sciences and industry. A selected bio-bibliography

variable flame-path open hearth furnace that secures perfect mixing and renders operation of the furnace sharp.

Schöpf, A.: Zur Bestimmung der Walzarbeit (— Stahl und Eisen 1918. pp. 613— 614.), Metz, N.: Le laminage du fer, Bruxelles 1926., Geiger, C.: Handbuch der Eisen- und Stahlgiesserei, 2. Ed. III. p. 288., Sachs, G.\ Spanlose Formung, Leipzig 1937. p. 164.

CSONKA, János (1852—1939). Mechanical engineer.

Csonka designed and built in Hungary the first internal combustion engine in 1881. Bánki Donát ( — ) as a student, became intrigued by the qualities of this engine and joined Csonka. They cooperated successfully in a close friendship for two decades. All their joint inventions were published under the name of „Bánki—Csonka”. Hundreds of excellent four-stroke Bánki— Csonka engines were built without interfering with Otto’s four stroke patent. Csonka designed and built the first automobile in Hungary in 1905. His cars built in small quantities were more up to date, equivalent or even better in quality that the cars of the major carmakers of thant time. Csonka had the idea of introducing the fuel into the engine in atomized (pulverized) state. Using Csonka’s idea, they developed their epoch-making invention, the „BÁNKI—CSONKA Carburettor”. This was the first fuel atomizing carburettor in the world. The Bánki—Csonka carburettor preceded Maybach’s similar, but less perfect device by more than half a year. A great variety of carburettors, all using the principles of the Bánki—Csonka carburettor are presently being built throughout the world in quantities of 20—25 million yearly.

Csonka P.: The Life and Activity of J. Csonka (= ATH 29/1960. pp. 235—244.), P. Vajda: The Founder of the Hungarian Automobile Industry (= VPMS May 1965. p. 5.), S. Terplán: Vor 75 Jahren entstand der Karburator als Erfindung von Donát Bánki und János Csonka (= ATH 66/1969. pp. 407—412.)

WHC

DEMÉNY, György (1850—1917).

Demény’s Phonoscope invented in 1892 and shown at the Paris International Photographic Exhibition was the precursor of the up-to-date film camera. On the basis of Demény’s patent (chronophotographe a came excentrique de 10. oct. 1893) Léon Gaumont produced in 1895 the biographe (enregistreur) then the projector called bioscope (reproducteur), and in 1896 the chronophotographe. Leon Gaumont improved it and put it on the name of Chronophone Gaumont.

Demény’s Phonoscope (= La Nature 16. apr. 1892), Demény’s Camera ^Photographic Times (USA), 1895), La Chronophotographie a la porté des amateurs ( = Les Nouveautés photographiques pour 1896. pp. 75—80.), Eugéne Trutat: Traité Général des Projections, Paris et Toulouse 1897., — —: La Photographie animée, Paris 1899., Jaques Dúcom: Le Cinématographe scientifique et industriel, Paris 1912., Coissac C. M.: Histoire du Cinématographe, Paris 1925. T. I. pp. 144—145., Sadoul, G.: Histoire générale du cinéma. I. L’invention du cinéma, Paris 1948. pp. 157—172., Lyleire J.—C.: Le Douasien Georges Demény, (= Plein-Nord mai 31/1978.)

DÉRI, Miksa (1854—1938). Engineer.

Together with Otto Bláthy ( -* ) and Károly Zipernowsky ( -*■ ) he invented in 1885 the transformer. He constructed in 1902 a compensated direct current motor, in 1904 he invented the single-phase, double-brush-system repulsion commutator motor, the Déri engine known everywhere.

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