Technikatörténeti szemle 11. (1979)

TANULMÁNYOK - Vajda Pál: Creative Hungarians in mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry, technical sciences and industry. A selected bio-bibliography

Molloy, E. (ed.): The electrical engineers reference book, London 1952. pp. 8—24. WHC, CH, ZUE, CRW, ZAB

EÖTVÖS, Loránd (1848—1919). Physicist.

Eötvös examined capillary phenomena, and worked out an entirely new method for measuring surface tension (Eötvös reflection method); he discoverd the so-called Eötvös Law (1866); designed the world-renowned Eötvös Torsion Balance (Pendulum) which measures minute changes of gravity and determined the distribution of masses in the earth’s crust; finally extended his research into the field of electromagnetism and designed appropriate instruments for this purpose. He also called geophysicists’ attention to the presence of Co- rolis force and thus gave a new proof of the earth’ rotation.

Eötvös Lor and (= Bolletino Ungherese nr. 140. 1955. Feb.), Pékár, D.: Baron Roland von Eötvös’ wissenshaftliche Laufbahn (— Die Naturwissenschaften 1919. pp. 387—391.), Vassails GLoránd Eötvös (= Revue d’histoire des sciences et de leur applications 1953. nr. 1. p. 22.), Shaw H.—Lancaster J. E.: The Eötvös Torsion Balance (= Proc. of the Physical Soc. of London, 1923. pp. 151—166.), Höllischer W.: Er zeigte, wo die Schätze seiner Heimat liegen (= Neues aus Ungarn, Wien. 1954. Nr. 10. pp. 15—16.), Dicke, R, H.: Eötvös Experiment and the Gravitational Red Shift (= American Journal of Physics 28/1960. pp. 344—347.), A. Kónya: Le grand physicien Loránd Eötvös (= Bull. Hongroise 1954. nr. 20. pp. 10—11.), P. Vajda: 75 Years old Eötvös Torsion Balance (= Hungarian Exporter Oct. 1965. p. 2.), Sagitov, M. U.—Marchuk, G. D.: Eötvös’ correction from sea currents during determinations of gravity at sea (= Geofizicheskiy Bulletin Mezhvedomstvennogo Geofizicheskogo Komiteta, Moscow, No. 11. (1962), Dicke, R.: Eötvös’ experiment (= Uspekhi fizicheskikh nauk 79/1963. pp. 333—343), Sagitov, M. U.: The diffusion of Eötvös’ ideas in the Soviet Union, Budapest 1979. DSB, TUW, WHC, CH, ITS, CRW, GHG, ZAB, RPF

FARKAS, Gyula (1847—1930). Mathematician.

Farkas is considered as one of those who established the theory of linear inequalities. His well-known results are the principle of the homogeneous linear inequalities (Farkas theorem) and its parametric solution of prime importance in the theory of linear programming. He achieved valuable work in physics as well; in mechanics (equilibrium principle) and in thermodynamics (Farkas Gyula-theorem).

Brentjes S.: Bemerkungen zum Beitrag von J. Farkas zur Theorie der linearen Optimierung (= Schriftenreihe für Geschichte der Naturw. Techn. und Med. 13 2 1976. pp. 21—23.)

MBH, WHC

FÉNYI, Gyula (1845—1927). Astronomer.

He did excellent work in the studies of the sun, mainly in the investigation of the properties of protuberances and in their statistical treatment, his meteorological studies are significant in the periodicity-analysis of atmospheric pressure.

J. Pohle: Die Sternenwelten und ihre Bewohner, Köln 1922. pp. 133—135., An- gehrn, Th.: Julius Fényi S. J. (= Vierteljahrschrift der Astronomischen Gesel- schaft 63 1928. pp. 102—107.), Bartha L.: Gyula Fényi und das Haynald-Obser- vatorium (= Die Sterne 54 1978. pp. 11—12.)

FROMMER, Rudolf (1868—1936). Mechanical engineer.

His almost one hundred inventions are all related to guns. The Frommer pistol is known all over the world. Frommer was the first who applied the long repercussion barrel system to the self-loading rigidly bolted pistol.

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