1980 HUNGARIAN CENSUS OF POPULATION Summary data (1984)

X. THE HOUSING SITUATION, THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE POPULATION'S HOUSING CONDITIONS

Despite the changes the occupancy of one-roomed dwellings is still the most unfavourable, there are 228 persons per 100 rooms. The occupancy density of two-or-more-room dwellings is below the national average. The occupancy density is most favourable in the four-or-more-roomed dwellings, where there is one person per one room as average. The number of inhabitants per 100 rooms by the size of occupied dwellings Number of rooms 1 2 3 4 -X 1960 311 182 148 132 1970 297 175 137 125 1980 228 149 123 103 Total 236 199 151 The room-floor space per one inhabitant shows great variance. At the end of the decade it was less than 4 m^ in 4 percent of the occupied dwellings, 4-7 m^ in 18 percent, 8-12 m^ in 38 percent, 13-15 m^ in 10 percent, 16-19 m^ in 13 percent and 20 or more m^ in 17 percent. If we compare the number of inhabitants and the number of rooms of occupied dwellings, we can examine the number of dwelling where the occupancy density is worse than the average. This calculation is needed because the high occupancy density dwellings represent demand for other or new dwellings. At the beginning of 1980 in one third of the one-roomd dwellings (303 thousand) lived 3 or more persons, in 14 percent of the two-room dwellings (226 thousand) lived 5 or more persons, in 4 percent of the three-room dwellings (27 thousand) lived 7 or more persons. So there were 556 thousand dwellings - 16 percent of all occupied dwellings - where the living conditions are worse than the generally accepted need, i.e. maximum 2 persons per room. The improvement of housing conditions is indicated by the fact, that in 197 0 the number of overcrowded dwellings - calculated the way shown above - was 1 million 7 thousand, almost one third of all occupied dwellings. This decreased to 556 thousand by the end of the decade as a result of new constructions and the favourable change in the distribution by the number of rooms. THE TENURE OF DWELLINGS, TYPE OF OWNERSHIP At the 1. January 1980 the tenure was private ownership for 71 percent of the occupied dwellings 28 percent were in tenant use. The proportion of co-tenancy or other tenure was less than 1 percent. Since 1970 the number of privately owned dwellings increased considerably - by 418 thousand, 21 percent. The number of tenancy dwelling - mostly owned by the government/local council - decreased slightly by 3 percent. The number of co-tenancy

3' and other tenure is by one fourth less than in 1970, first of all because of the 42 percent decrease in co-tenancies. In January 1980 there were less than 10 thousand co-tenancies,three fourths of them were at Budapest. The occupied dwellings by tenure (percentag

e) Year Total Privately owned Tenancy Co-tenancy Other 1960 1970 1980 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 62. 2 66. 5 71.3 36. 0 32. 7 28. 2 1.3 0. 5 0. 3 0. 5 0. 3 0. 2 The composition by the number of rooms is much more favourable in the case of dwellings in private ownership than in the case of tenancy flats. In 1980 22 percent of the privately owned dwellings had one-room, 51 percent were two-rooms and 27 percent three-or-more-rooms. The proportions for tenancy flats were: 39, 45, and 16 percent, respectively. a) Co-tenancy means that the tenants are living in the same local council flat, in separate rooms but usually sharing kitchen, bathroom, toilet etc. 141