Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 36/1. (2016)

Botany

Lichenoindication aplication in the environmental quality assessment

Name of species__________________________________________Name of forest ecosystems________________

7. Leptogium saturninum (Dicks.) Nyl._________________________Bahmut_______________________________

8. Hypocenomyce scalaris Ach. Ex. Lilj Choisy (Psora scalaris)______Piaiul Fagului__________________________

9. Parmelia olivacea (L.) Nyl. (Imbricaria olivacea DC. Lichen Lopatna, Päpäup, Cäpriana, Iabloana,

olivaceusHoffm.) Lucäceni, Mändre§ti, §oldäne$ti, Curchi,

Cobac, Sárata Galbená, Pogäne?ti,_________

10. Phaeophyscia nigricans (Flk.) Sdtzenb Lopatna, Durle§ti, Saharna, Cotul

Morii,Päpäup, $oldäne?ti, Piaiul Fagului

11. Physcia tribacia (Ach.) Nyl.______________________________Te^cani, Pereräta, Tohatin_________________

12. Physcia ciliata (HofFm.) Drietz (Ph. obscura Натре) Ciocana, Cärbuna, Congaz, Taraclia,

Corne$ti, Bahmut______________________

13. Parmeliopsis ambigua (Wulf.) Nyl. (Parmelia ambigua Ach.) Piaiul Fagului__________________________

14. Verrucaria fuscella (Turn.) Ach. (V. areolata Wallr.)____________Lopatna (defileul Jiolnaia)_______________

15. Xanthoria substellaris (Ach.) Vain (X.fallax Du Rietz = X. ulo- Cuhure§ti, Ciorna, « La Castel »

phylla Am.)_____________________________________________________________________________________

16. Aspicilia gibbosa________________________________________Lopatna_______________________________

17. Ramalina pulvinata (Arnzi.) Nyl.__________________________Iargara________________________________

18. Parmelia pseudolivertorum____________________________Cobac, Särata Galbená__________________

19. Parmelia subaurifera____________________________________Valea Mare_____________________________

20. Parmelia subulata_______________________________________Trebisäup_____________________________

21. Evernia furfuracea (L.) Mann. - Parmelia furfuracea (L.) Ach. Piaiul Fagului, Codri, Cäpriana, Trebisäup

22. Microthelia atomaria (DC) Korb. - (M. korberi TrevisJ Piaiul Fagului, Rublenipi, Temeleup,

Päpäup_______________________________

23. Cladonia glauca Flörke__________________________________Briceni________________________________

Materials and methods

Of importance for theoretical science is as well the placement of lichen species into a systematic classification [35]. The classification system used follows several works [49], [14] and scientific names are according to Kondratyuk et al. [25].

Currently there is much information on disturbances to the vital activity of lichens caused by atmospheric pollutants [1], [16], [36], [44], [15], [29]. This has allowed some authors to specify gradations of SO, concentration [24], [26], [27]. The concentrations indicated vary greatly between authors, perhaps because some of the data were obtained in the laboratory, whereas others were obtained in field conditions; besides, such aspects as emission structure, climatic conditions, research methodology also differ. Most authors indicate a concentration of sulphur dioxide in the air of 0,05mg/m3 as the threshold of the clean air zone. The harmful effects start occurring at 0,l-0,3mg/m3, some indicating the concentrations > 0,3 mg/m3 as very polluted air and the fatal concentration as being 0,5 mg/m3.

Performing a large retrospective of phyto- and zoo-indication, Mäciucä [28] proposed bio-monitoring as an important alternative to the traditional monitoring of forest ecosystems.

Results and discussions

The ecobioindication discussions within the RM, which was based on responsiveness and cumulative features of indicator organisms, such as lichens, less moss, fungi, and molluscs allowed us to argue the scientific viability of biologically passive and active monitoring in testing the quality of environment. In this context, the RM Lichen Flora Register, under contemporary classification system proposed by Hawkswort et al. (1995) and taxonomic nomenclature proposed by Kondratyuk et al. (1998) was developed. Out of approximately 200 already known species

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