É. Apor (ed.): David Kaufmann Memorial Volume: Papers Presented at the David Kaufmann Memorial Conference, November 29, 1999, Budapest.

DAVID, Abraham: Historical Sources in the Kaufmann Collection: The Case of the Expulsion from the Papal States (1569)

ABRAHAM DAVID 5329. All the thoughts of Pius, may his evil name rot, were constantly how to do harm to the Jews. He expelled all the Jews in the Papal States in the month of May of that year, the third month [after the decree |. The heads of the [Jewish I communities fell al his feet to turn aside his evil plan, without any success. Like a deaf adder he refused to listen and they departed angrily. Only in the city of Rome and in Ancona did he leave them a small refuge, and there they reside to this day. The inhabitants of the rest of the cities settled wherever they could each one going his own way.' In his Shalshelet ha-Qahhalah, the well-known historian Gedalyah ibn Yahya gave a personal slant to his brief description of the events: ,mtD

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ioya nbir ,no~io nxtpi sbtp DIP nxtpa •o ,nxa nxa btoty bn .nmnnb ibs^ xb p atz? omoai an btp ant npbx rntpya nnr nrm nbiama 'b IXIPJ nab nxi .DiiKnbn .nnax In [5]325 [should read 5326] an Alessandrian cardinal became Pope; he was called Pius V. He commanded that the [Jewish] hat be yellow, the color of straw. He later ordered that all Jews leave his kingdom within a threemonth period at the penalty of loss of life and property. And so it came to pass that not a Jew was left, except for a few who converted. Some one thousand householders left, leaving most of their property behind because they could not take it with them. And the Jews became extremely impoverished, for their loans were left behind. I myself held promissory notes for more than ten thousand pieces of gold in Imola and Ravenna.

1

0 From his concluding remarks it seems that Gedalyah ibn Yahya was forced to leave the towns of Imola and Ravenna in the Papal States, leaving a substantial sum behind in the form of "promissory notes for more than ten thousand pieces of gold." Elsewhere Ibn Yahya writes that he was residing in Pesaro, in the Duchy of Urbino, as early as 1567. It seems that he was forced from his hometown two years before the official expulsion, perhaps as a result of Pius V's renewal of Pope Paul IV's anti-Jewish measures." 9 Joseph HA-KOHEN, Divrei ha-Yamim le-Malkhei Sarfat u-Malkhei Beit Ottoman ha-Tugar. P. 3: MSS British Library, London, Or. 3656, 178v ; Or. 10387 (Caster 1071), 465v; Emeq haBakha, see the edition of Karin Almbladh. Uppsala 1981. 95. 1

0 GEDALYAH IBN YAHYA, Shalshelet ha-Qahhalah. Venice 1587. 117. 1

1 See: DAVID, New Documents - Italia. 18-19. 30