Miklós Kásler - Zoltán Szentirmay (szerk.): Identifying the Árpád Dynasty Skeletons Interred in the Matthias Church. Applying data from historical, archaeological, anthropological, radiological, morphological, radiocarbon dating and genetic research (Budapest, 2021)

Glossary

GLOSSARY

Allele: The length of a repeating sequence within a gene expressed in base number.

AMELX and AMELY:

Ameologenin

is a single copy gene; it is located in chromosome regions Xp22.1-Xp22.3 and Ypll.2 in a homologous manner. It is called AMELX on the X chromosome, and AMELY

on

the Y

chromosome.

Gender determination is based on the fact that in the first intron of AMELX there exists a 6-base long deletion, which does not occur in the AMELY

gene.

Amplification: Multiplication of a given nucleic acid sequence.

Annealing: Interconnection of complementary single-stranded nucleic acid molecules (the opposite of denaturation).

Antisense: Single stranded DNA or RNA segment complementary with sense nucleic acid.

bp: Basepair, complementary nucleotide pair.

cDNA: DNA generated from a specific mRNA-template via reverse transcription.

Complementer: Basepairs in double-stranded nucleic acids which connect to each other specifically via hydrogene bridges.

Consensus sequence: Take a certain kind of virus, such as HPV, as an example. The various types of viruses that belong here do not have the same base order, but they do have shorter or longer 217