A Nyíregyházi Jósa András Múzeum évkönyve 49. (Nyíregyháza, 2007)

Régészet - Dan Pop: The Copper Axe from Corni

Dan Pop particularly of the various versions or "marks", the functionality, as well as other observations that could be made regarding the Székely-Nádudvar type axes, are seriously diminished by the fact that we have no information on the exact spots of 60 pieces. Mostly, even for several well-known finds (67 sites with 71 pieces), we know only the names of the sites and very seldom we have data on the spot, condition, and context of the finds. The context of the finds (Fig. 6) Settlements There are three settlements mentioned in literature from where four Székely-Nádudvar axes come, if we consider that the pieces from Apagy-Nagysziget (Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County, Hungary) really originate from the same settlement. One of the axes appeared during the excavations in 1926 together with Tiszapolgár pottery, and the other is said to originate from this place (PATAY 1984. 50, 54). The axe of Ip was accidentally discovered on Dealul cu pivnite/Pincedomb (Sälaj County, Romania), place from where Tiszapolgár materials are mentioned, that may come from a settlement or cemetery (MAXIM 1999. 164: no. 524).

14 According to M. Novotná, the Puchov piece (okr. Povazská Bystrica, Slovakia) was discovered together with a stone axe and nothing else in the high settlement at Skalka (NOVOTNÁ 1970. 23). Beside these finds, some researchers have linked several axes without exact provenance, to a series of sites, especially to those of the Tiszapolgár Culture, as in the case of the axe of Carei and of another one from Bobald (BADER 1973. 705-706, LAZAROVICI 1983. 14: no. 24; NÉMETI 1999. 65: no. 43 Illb; and for Bobald Ilia; IERCOSAN 2002. 32.) or the two axes from Cluj. These last ones are linked to the finds from Mänästur Nord (LAZAROVICI 1983. 13-14, no. 32). Z. Maxim thinks that the copper axes discovered at Säcuieni could originate from the settlement at Szik (LAZAROVICI 1983. 13, 17, no. 110, MAXIM 1999. 180: no. 850), and the axe of Särväzel from the settlement of La hurdäu (NÉMETI 1999. 32: no. 16al)

15

. The piece of Araci was initially linked to a burial in a stone box belonging to the Schneckenberg Culture (SZÉKELY 1955. 884, fig. 1/2; 10/1), being afterwards considered to be an isolated find (VULPE 1973. 229, note 82). The piece from Corni also Fig. 6 Context of discoveries of the Székely-Nádudvar hammer-axe type 1: number of sites, 2: number of pieces a: settlements, b: hoards, c: isolated finds, d: mine?, e: without information,/- unknown provenance 6. kép A Székely-Nádudvar típusú rézbalták lelőhely-típusai 1: a lelőhelyek száma, 2: a leletek száma a: települések, b: kincsek, c: szórványok, d: bánya?, e: nincs adat, /• ismeretlen helyről *

4 We cannot exclude the possibility that the piece was an isolated find, as stated by VULPE 1975. 28. 15 The author considers that the cross-armed axe discovered at Pir (BADER 1973. 703-705, fig.l) comes also from this settlement. 54