Gyöngyössy Márton (szerk.): Perspectives on the Past. Major Excavations in County Pest (Szentendre, 2008)
CONQUEST PERIOD AND ÁRPÁDIAN AGE 'ЩЩИИИИШЯШШШИЯШ^ШР (1301-1526/1686) An early medieval settlement at Budakalász (895-1 30 1 AD) Sections of an Early Iron Age, and a Conquest period and early medieval settlement were uncovered on the hill overlooking the Majdán (Kovács) Stream, both previously unknown sites, during the investigation of a roughly 3000 m1 2 3 4 5 large area in Autumn 2004, on the site of the Old Age Home at Budakalász. The 120 excavated features included open-air ovens, houses with ovens, pits, storage pits and various post-holes. The orientation of the rectangular houses with rounded corners varied. The buildings were constructed around a timber framework and their size was generally below 9 m2. In some cases, the remains of a worn floor and a floor plastering could be noted. Work pits or storage pits were rarely found inside the houses. A chronological sequence between the houses could be noted in two cases, based on their position relative to each other. Most houses had a stone oven in one corner. One oven had a mouth with two hypocaustum columns. The baking plate of ovens dug into the ground, which were not built of stone, was generally larger than that of the stone ovens. Two sunken ovens could be associated with House 117/2, one of which was recessed into the building’s wall after its abandonment. The finds from the houses and the pits were dominated by pottery, mostly by vessels made on a slow wheel. The vessels were locally manufactured early medieval wares, which were generally decorated with bundles of looser or denser wavy and parallel lines covering the entire body, although a single wavy line around the rim interior, a feature typical for 10th century pottery, occurs too. Various incised patterns under the rim appear to be a local style. Other finds include a biconical spindle whorl, a disc shaped spindle whorl, various bone implements, whetstones, a loom weight, millstones and an iron plaque. ^ • Tamás Repiszky 1. Vessel fragment decorated with wavy lines 2. Spindle whorl 3. Bone implement 4. Sunken house with a stone oven 5. Vessel decorated with wavy lines
