H. Bathó Edit – Gecse Annabella – Horváth László – Kaposvári Gyöngyi szerk.: Tisicum - A Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok Megyei Múzeumok Évkönyve 16. (2007)
A New Permanent Exhibition in Gyula Castle
Egyéb tárgyak rekonstrukciói: Bereznai Miklós, Bereznai Péter, Gubis Mihály, Sipos Enikő, Veres József és a Speedy Holz BT., Zámboriné Fikó Katalin Grafika: Bereznai Péter, Megyeri Sándorné Fotó: Kocsis Attila, Nagy Imre Restaurátorok: Császár Péter, Deák Endre, Füzes Andrea, Horváth Mária, Kovács András, Lengyel Boglárka, Morgós András, Németh György, Péterfi Gyöngyvér, PÉTER HAVASSY The main characteristic of Gyula Castle, the only inviolable flatland gothic brick castle in Central Europe, has always been well known. Summarising recent research, one can state that the Gyula domain was given to János Maróti, ban of Macsó in 1403, who was a member of the Sárkány order and therefore belonged to the closest circle of King Zsigmond. In his position as ban, he was followed by his son, László, and his grandson, Máté. Máté's wife was Margit Szilágyi, that is to say, King Mathias' cousin. In 1476, after the male branch of the Maróti family died out, the domain lapsed to King Mathias, who bestowed it upon his love-child, János Corvin in 1482. Corvin's wife, Beatrix Frangepán alsó came from an illustrious family: her great-grandfather was Alfonz V, king of Aragon, Naples and Sicily, her mother, Aloysia dei Marzano y de Aragon, was the cousin of Beatrix of Aragon, King Mathias' wife. In 1504 János Corvin deceased, and the next year his son, Kristóf, went down to the tömb, too. Beatrix Frangepán and Hedvig, princess of Mazóvia made articles of marriage about their children, György Szapolyai, the younger brother of the ensuing king, János Szapolyai and Erzsébe Corvin. In 1509, Beatrix married margrave György Brandenburg, who was a relative of King Ulászló II and the administrator of King Lajos II, therefore he was alsó related to the royal court. In 1552, the castle escheated back to the monarch, King Ferdinánd. It is alsó worth mentioning that Erzsébet Báthory, the wife of István Báthory, sovereign of Transylvania, and the sister of the Polish king, constable László Kerecsényi's second wife, died in the castle. To sum it up, from its construction until it was surrendered to the Turks, the Gyula castle was tied to the royal court either by relation or by ownership by the king or members of the royal family. This alsó meant that it had furniture that reached the levél of the royal palace. Petrovszki Zoltán, Sikéné Kovács Melinda, Veresné Vendrei Katalin Fordítás: Bódán Zsolt, Kruzslitz Tibor A kiállítást kivitelezte: a Kiáll Kft. és a Corvin János Múzeum munkatársai Látvány és installációs tervezés: Héjjas Pál A kiállítást rendezte: dr. Havassy Péter The arrangement and disposition of several rooms was made easier by the fact that the 1528 inventory has continued to exist. The exhibition of the castle is shown in a sequence of halls: Rondella (artillery tower): On the ground floor, one can find the ticket office of the museum and the souvenir shop, upstairs visitors can view a small artillery presentation and the basic tools of gunpowder production. Chapel: a space (created by an interior designer) fit to hold Román Catholic, Evangelic and Protestant ceremonies. Prison: This unit consists of four rooms and carries the subtitle Crime and Punishment in ancient Hungary. In the first room, one can view the tools of execution, the torture in the second, the detention and corporal punishment in the third, and the tools of humbling and the hangman in the fourth. Buttery: Since in the next unit of the exhibition, one can find an operating öven in the bakehouse, it seemed to be justified to place the buttery before that. Based on the above-mentioned inventory, we alsó exhibit the different types of cereal, foods and storage bins. Bakery: Although the öven that can be found in this room was made in the 18 th century, its presence determined to place the bakery here. Blacksmith's shop: There is a well-ventilating chimney-stack here, so the forge-shop completed with a furnace, a pair of bellows and other tools is meant not only to show, but it is alsó suitable for vocational and regular forging. Pottery: It is not only a workshop, but is alsó designed for museum pedagogy and a terminál. On the terminál, one can see the history of the Gyula castle in three languages, and the archive films that show all the activities carried out here. Castrum wine pothouse: A space created by an interior designer, an operating wine bar. The first unit upstairs is the suite of the chatelaine consisting of three rooms (antechamber, parlour and A NEW PERMANENT EXHIBITION IN GYULA CASTLE 311
