A Debreceni Déri Múzeum Évkönyve 1948-1956 (Debrecen, 1957)

Ditróiné Sallay Katalin: Gyakorlati tapasztalatok a restauráló laboratóriumban

Bei den Restaurierungsarbeiten stellte sich heraus, dass mehrere Objekte Fälschungen sind. Mit diesen Experimenten und unseren neuen Arbeitsmethoden und Verfahren haben wir seit dem Jahr 1948 viele Tausende verschiedener Objekte behandelt und zwar nicht bloss das Ausstellungs- und Magazinsmaterial des Déri Museums, sondern auch die Gegenstände der näherliegenden Museen. Practical experiences in the restoring laboratory Catherine Sallay, Mrs Ditrói The task of the museums is not limited to gather in material but it includes also, the conservation, restoration and preparation of the possessed material. Having this in mind, a conserving laboratory was established and started working in 1939. In the first years its research character was prevailing. Ten years after, when |Де

. establishing of a permanent exposition got started, the objects of the Museum began to be handled in mass. The research work was imperatively necessitated by the inadequacy of former methods or chemical in securing the survival of the objects or by the temporary lack of the necessary chemicals. Thus a modified Kreftling-method has been elaborated where zinz is used instead of aluminium for handling metal wares. It needs considerably less caustic lye. The idea occured that the patina of bronze objects had been caused not exclusively by the quality of the soil but was also influenced by the composition of the bronze alloy, the presence of metals either in traits or only in the filth. The guessings became verified and surprisingly good results were gained by spectroscopy and dithizonic heavy metal analysis which is so easily applicable in the museum chemistry and has been introduced into the Déri Museum too. Metallographic examination of iron ware was also performed in many cases. Oxidation of metal objects takes place under the influence of different salts soluble in water and coming from the earth. The boiling-out water has been examined on chlorid till how. In the work room its examination on sulphate and nitrate has been carried out too. The removal of limestone coating from the metal wares has been rationalized too. Gaolin treatment has been introduced for removing grease spots from book or paper materials. ' Parasites of the ethnographic objects have been exterminated by xylol sprinkling instead of using the rather clumsy Rathgen mixture. Successful experiments have been made to complete wooden wares. ; : The experiments for exterminating moths in textiles by applying HGH have led to a satisfactory result. We have succeeded, by repeated steaming-through, in complete unfolding, ironing to the original form and piecing together fragile textiles of the 17th century which came to light at excavations. China wares have been made lasting by zinc oxide treatment and durably stuck together with water glass. To stick together glass wares Canadian balm or its xylol solution has been used. Beside the above procedures there has taken place a number of smaller rationalizations applied in

; treating medieval leather book bindings, textiles, wooden wares of excavation, porous bones. The restoration has revealed a number of objects to be forgery.. Since 1948 more thousands of objects of various sorts have been treated in the experiment and

,not only those possessed by the Déri Museum but also those belonging to mailer museums in the vicinity. ... ....... ... 91