Arrabona - Múzeumi közlemények 38/1-2. (Győr, 2000)

Tanulmányok: - Tomka Péter: Régészeti kommentár a Lébény-Kaszásdomb 10–11. századi temető 44. sírjának trepanált koponyájához

TANULMÁNYOK ARRABONA 38. 2000. PÉTER TOMKA: Archaeological Commentary on the Trephined Skull of Grave 44 in the 10-11-Century Graveyard of Lébény-Kaszás After a short description of place and circumstances of findings, the analysis of the graveyard of 98 graves has been summed up. Though in the medieval graveyard there are not many relics of habits or objects of costume characteristic of the middle class at the Hungarian conquest, it is assumed that the graveyard was opened in the 10 ^ century (collar-wearing; double pendant type; Köttlach-11-fibula; arrows and knives of superstitious purpose, the majority of plain plaits as opposed to the S-ended plait), and it was in use for a fairly long time (an adaptable head-dress, a torque, bracelets, closed rings). Saint Stephen's coin of the Lancea regis type belongs to the latest findings. The change of the wearing was started and finished earlier than in the Eastern part of the country On the basis of the situation and findings of Grave 44, it can be dated at the end of the 10

t n century. The first (very significant) list of actual instances of trepanation (Grynaeus 1996) was contrasted with the data of archaeology. The data were completed, occasionally they were made exact or modified, especially from the point of view of chronology. The graph - thus improved - illustrates that though trepanation occurs nearly in all ages, but among the 10 -century Hungarians it appears in great numbers in all the layers of the society, and it can be listed among those features which strongly attach the Giesler-type altmagyarisch (leading and middle layers) and bjelo-brdo (common people) archaeological groups. Its application was driven back at the time of the adoption of Christianity After considering the background of this therapeutic practice (convergence, connections during the Avar Era, Easter-European Bulgarian-Turkish relations), the possibility of the mediatory role of Arabic medicine is raised again. 90