Arrabona - Múzeumi közlemények 38/1-2. (Győr, 2000)

Tanulmányok: - László Csaba: A győri Püspökvár építéstörténetének vázlata

TANULMÁNYOK ARRABONA 38. 2000. CSABA LÁSZLÓ: Data concerning the Medieval History of the Bishop's See in Győr The Bishop's See in Győr was founded by King Stephen at the beginning of the 11*

n century. The residence of the bishop was situated next to the cathedral. The present residence, the Bishop's Castle erected at the confluence of the Raab and the Danube, has been the dwelling place of the bishop since the middle of the 14* century. The first building of many storeys became separated from the city surrounded by stone-walls by the end of the 14

f century. It was turned into a separate but inner stronghold at the north-western corner of the city surrounded with a moat. The gatehouse with battlements and a drawbridge was decorated with the stone-carved and painted coat-of-arms of Bishop Kálmán who had it built. At the end of the 15* century a chapel of late Gothic style was built next to the simultaneously heightened gatehouse, and a huge salient closed balcony broken through with windows was attached to the castle wall on its side overlooking the river. The walls and the gatehouse was magnificently painted, and the façade was decorated with the painted coat-of-arms of the builder Bishop Nagylucsey. In the middle of the 16 1 century the castle in Győr became an important boarder fortress in the battles against the Turks. The Bishop's Castle was no longer isolated from the city. The moat was vaulted over and it was turned into a set of stores. The bishop moved from his palace and it functioned as the headquarters of the captain-generals of Győr for nearly two hundred years. During the works of fortification the old castle walls were demolished and they were used for filling in the new Italian bastions. The palace was extended to the South in the first half of the 17 century. Bishop Ferencé Zichy moved back into his predecessors' palace only well after the expulsion of the Turks in 1740. During many instances of reconstruction the bulk and storeys of the palace was left untouched, only the interior parts were ornamented and new windows were cut into the walls. A Baroque roof was added to the gatehouse which was replaced with the existing shape in the 19 century to emphasise the fortress-character. The palace was reconstructed in the 1980's, excavations and observations concerning the building could be made that time. 114