Gyulai Éva - Viga Gyula (szerk.): Történet - muzeológia : Tanulmányok a múzeumi tudományok köréből a 60 éves Veres László tiszteletére (Miskolc, 2010)

ÜVEGMŰVESSÉG - ÜVEGTÖRTÉNET - Vida Gabriella: „Fogason lévő Kristály talok és Más félék" 18. századi miskolci vagyonleltárak üveg díszedényei

The decorative glass vessels of 18th century inventories from Miskolc The study is based on the analysis of forty inheritance inventories drawn up in Miskolc in the later 18th century, with a focus on the decorative vessel types used for adorning homes. The vessels falling in this category are the pieces hung on hook-racks, which in the inventories appear beside the description of the hook-racks. These were often the single adornments of the room walls in Protestant homes. In contrast to the general custom in Hungary, faience vessels were not used in the households of Miskolc, despite the fact that there were several faience workshops in northern Hungary (Holies. Gács, Pongyelok) and that the tin glazed pottery wares made in the former Habán settlements of Upper Hungary had flooded the country during the 18th century, reaching even the country's remotest comers. Miskolc occupied an extremely favourable geographic position and thus the absence of tin glazed ceramics in the later 18th century is rather enigmatic. The inheritance inventories indicate that the wealthy families preferred tin and porcelain, while the wealthiest families had a predilection for tin vessels. The poorer ones hung tin glazed clay vessels on the painted hook-racks, while crystal vessels were fashionable among the craftsmen, the lesser nobles, and the burghers owning the houses, vineyards and wine cellars, accounting for the greater part of the town's population. These were not products from Venice or the Czech lands, but more modest translucent, colourless pieces of poorer quality (predominantly jugs and bowls) from the glass-works of northern Hungary. The 18th century glass-works in the Bükk Mountains around Miskolc did not employ the decorative techniques of engraving and painting characterising crystal wares. Their products were probably mould-blown wares with optical decoration (segmenting and beading) or perhaps coloured glass trailing. The descriptions in the inventories suggest the use of glass wares adorned with colourful enamelling, which had probably reached the area through trade, perhaps from the mining towns of Upper Hungary or, more likely, from Habán workshops. Gabriella Vida 70