Szolyák Péter - Csengeri Piroska (szerk.): A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve 56. (Miskolc, 2017)
Régészet - Soós, Eszter et al.: Settlement and graves from Hernádvécse (NE-Hungary) in the 5th century AD: relation of living space and burial place in the Hun Period
56 Soós, Eszter—Bárány, Annamária—Köhler, Kitti—Pusztai, Tamás 40/1, 4). Besides that more analogous pieces are known from the northeastern region.9 2.2.4.3. Sword A 45 cm long sword fragment came to light from the male burial Str.309. In case its preserved length was the same as its original length, it can be compared to with two weapon types. Short sidearms were rare in Hunnic period burials. The single-edged, narrow bladed, 40—50 cm long saxes appeared in graves from the middle of the 5th century AD (Kiss 2015a, 73-74). They were used as exclusive swords10 11 or rather as escort weapons with long, doubleedged swords from the second half of the 5th century AD (Kiss 2015a, 76, note 31). The sizes of the sword from Hernádvécse are similar to these, but the type does not match because of the double edges. Wide, narrow double-edged weapons of the period were the Micia-type swords with specific cut under the hilt (Bóna 1991,247, Drawing 34; Istvánovits-Kulcsár 2008, 281—283; Harhoiu 1988). The pieces from the Carpathian Basin can be dated from the end of the 4th (Harhoiu 1988, 82; Gáli. 2005, 230) to the middle of the 5th century AD (Istvánovits-Kulcsár 2008, 285). It is typical that in late Sarmatian context these artefacts appeared in graves (Párducz 1959, 367—368; Párducz 1963, 52, XL 1), while in the territories of the Santana de Murej-Chernyakhov culture they were rather settlement finds (Gáli. 2005, 227—237; Körösfői 2016a, 269). The piece from Hernádvécse may not belong to the Micia-type for the lack of the typical cut under the hilt. It is thus plausible that the weapon from Hernádvécse is a fragment of a long, double-edged sword. Some of the long swords had cross-guard with the tang attached at right angles to the blade.11 The tang of the sword from Hernádvécse is a flared trapezoidal. Similar swords are known from late Sarmatian burials12 but turned up earlier in some regions affected by German influence as 9 Hejőkeresztúr—Homokbánya (CsallAny 1958,1, t. 4); Pácin-Szenna domb (Pintér-Nagy 2012, 96, 3. kép 4); Szirmabesenyő—Homokbánya (K. Végh 1975, 79, XXIV. t. 9); Szihalom—Pamlényi tábla (VAradi 1997, 118). 10 Hács-Béndekpuszta (Kiss 1995, 86); Mözs—Icsei-dűlő (Ódor 2011, 349), Tiszavasvári-Dancs tehenészet (Körösfői 2016b). 11 Kiss 1981. For eg. Szirmabesenyő (Megay 1952, XXV. t. 1-la), Tárnáméra (Bóna-Szabó 2002, Taf. 57,1), Pácin-Szenna domb (Pintér-Nagy 2012, 93, 2. Kép 1) 12 Tápé—Malajdok A, stray find (PArducz—Korek 1948, 297, LXIV. t. 4), Tápé—Malajdok B, grave 5. (PArducz 1941, 114, XXVIII. t. 5), Csongrád-Berzsenyi utca, grave 7 (PArducz 1963, 20, II. t. 22), Sándorfalva-Eperjes (Vörös 1985,160). well.13 The form was defined as a common Sarmatian type (PArducz 1941,116-117; Vaday 1985, 379, Abb. 5). It is noteworthy that better analogies can be identified in the southern part of the Great Hungarian Plain than the Tiszadob-type cemeteries in the Upper Tisza Region (Garam-Vaday 1990, 207, Abb. 11, 12; Istvánovits 1993,136, Abb. 16). 2.2.4.4. Jug A Murga-type jug (Vaday 1994) with curved neck and spherical body came to light from the male grave. Technologically it is identical with the wheel-turned ware found in the settlement features. On the neck three vertical zig-zag lines can be observed between vertical glazed surfaces. The antecedents of the form can be found in late Roman Age Sarmatian (Vaday 1989, 143—144, Abb. 37) and German archaeological material (Soós 2015, 244; Lustiková 2013, VI. 1-3), but the vessel is dated to the Hunnic period by its implementation and ornamentation. High jugs with a narrow neck and spherical body were widespread in late Sarmatian settlements as well (Masek 2013, 246). The best analogy of the jug was found in the Hunnic period Sarmatian site of Szentes—Nagyhegy (Párducz 1950, CXXIV, 12; Masek 2013, Abb. 2, Abb. 6, 6). The jug from Hernádvécse reflects strong late Roman Age pottery tradition, no traces of the new foreign influences from the middle of the 5th century AD are perceptible on it. It can be dated from the end of the 4th to the middle of the 5th century AD. 2.3. SETTLEMENT FEATURES 2.3.1. Buildings The semi-subterranean buildings were situated in the southern part of the site 20 m apart from each other. Their longer axis was oriented perpendicular to the hillside. 2.3.1.1. Str.61 Building Semi-subterranean, rectangular building oriented NNE with wooden walls. The southern part of it was destroyed. It was 30 cm deep, the remained floor space was 9.64 m2. No postholes could be observed in the plastered floor, however the burned, charred wall timbers were noticeable along the sides. The remains of an inner furnace made of pebble stones were scattered at the northeast corner, in front of its mouth five or 13 Geszteréd, Hortobágy—Poroshát (H. Vaday 1985, Abb. 5.)
