Szolyák Péter - Csengeri Piroska (szerk.): A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve 56. (Miskolc, 2017)

Régészet - Soós, Eszter et al.: Settlement and graves from Hernádvécse (NE-Hungary) in the 5th century AD: relation of living space and burial place in the Hun Period

Settlement and graves from Hernádvécse (NE-Hungary) in the 5th century AD 57

Fig. 6 Hernádvécse—Nagy rét site 4. Building str.61

6. kép Hernádvécse—Nagy rét, 4. lh. Str.61 épület

six little holes with charcoal flint could be observed. At the northwest corner on a red, burned surface of 80 X 80 cm, five conical clay weights were lying on the floor. The building was destroyed by fire. On the southern part of the floor burned timbers directed to north were lying as remains of the roofing. Based on the burned clay pieces in the 14—20 cm thick filling debris of the building, the walls were made with wattle and daub technique. (Fig. 6)

2.3.1.2. Str.125

Building

Semi-subterranean rectangular building oriented NE with a floor space of 14.59 m2. The wall of the shallow building was made of 20—25 cm wide timbers dovetailed at the corners. There was a posthole 40 cm in cross-section in the middle of the southwestern side. In the northeastern corner the 100—120 cm wide and 40 cm high remains of an inner furnace made with pebble stones were unearthed. The building was burnt down, 20—25 cm thick charcoal timbers were lying on top of the black, burned fillings. The walls were also made also in wattle and daub technique based on the thick layer with burned clay pieces observable along the sides.

The roof of the shallow, semi-subterranean buildings has been buttressed probably by posts dug in the middle of the northern and southern side. The wall was made of beams dovetailed at the corners (Blockbauecke — Leube 2009, 155, Abb. 120) and covered with plastered clay (Pfostenbohlenwand, Stabmnd— Leube 2009, Abb. 70,2—3). The roofing was also constructed of timbers based on the charcoal wooden remains which were lying on the floor. (Fig. 7)

There were no antecedents ofthe building structure with inner furnaces in earlier local German settlements. At Carpathian Przeworsk sites semi-subterranean buildings with three or four postholes along the shorter side (Gindele-Istvánovits 2009,13-15, Abb. 1) were common while in the western territories of the culture buildings with two-two postholes along the longer and two others by the shorter side were used (Soós 2017, 20, Plate 1) both types without furnaces.

Ovens inside the houses could be observed in some regions of Santana de Mure§—Chernyakhov culture. Stone ovens were typical in the Upper and Middle Dniester region in the late phase of the culture (Magomedov 1999, 71). The best analogies of the furnaces from Hernádvécse are known from Transylvania, at certain sites of Santana