Csengeri Piroska - Tóth Arnold (szerk.): A Herman Ottó Múzeum évkönyve 54. (Miskolc, 2015)

Régészet - Kósa Polett: Meggyasszó-Halom-oldal dűlő: New data int he Tumulus culture research from North-eastern Hungary

Megyaszó-Halom-oldal dűlő: New data in the Tumulus culture research...

191

IV.

WJ

V.

#_) ft)

VI.

5 cm

Bronz I.

3 cm

Bronz II.

OÖÖC

3 cm

Fig 17. Typological order of the amphora-shaped vessel, jars, cup and bronzes

17. kép. Amfora alakú edény, korsók, csésze és bronzok típustáblázata

ble 4. 8/4). Its rim was broken, but the neck seems to be slightly inverted. It has curved shape. Neither decoration, nor traces of handles were visible. The other jar (/Table 4. 8/3) was rather deformed, probably on the pyre. It had a handle running from the rim to the belly line. Comparing to the first jar, its body is more elongated, the neck is longer, but it is also undecorated.21

Despite the few parallel examples, it can be observed that the form is more common in the Tumulus culture than in the Piliny material. This type developed from previous Middle Bronze Age forms. They are especially common in the Vatya material culture, so the Northern Tumulus and Piliny cultures might have taken this shape from here (KOVÁCS 1966, 194). V. Furmánek dates

21 Similar pieces can be found in the Piliny site of Safarikovo: FURMÁNEK 1977b (Taf. X. 82/8); and the Tumulus sites of Muhi-Csüllődomb\ KOVÁCS 1966 (18. kép 2); MuhiPrinc-tanya: KEMENCZE1 1965 (7. kép 15); among the Berkesz-Demecser type material. Moreover, lots of examples can be found in Tiszafüred: KOVÁCS 1975, 9-34 (Pl. 1, 4/4; Pl. 19, 188/1; Pl. 19, 189/2; Pl. 29, 321/1); while this type is missing from Detek and Halmaj.

the findings of Safarikovo to the Rei. Br. B2-C1 (FURMÁNEK 1981,42), while Tibor Kovács dates it from the Vatya culture to the early Tumulus culture, which also means the Rei. Br. C period (KOVÁCS 1966,194).

VI. Cup (Fig. 17)

There was a sole cup in grave S7 /Table 2. 4/4). Some rather faded, finger-sized impressed decorations are detectable on the surface. There were no handles on its compressed globular body.22

This type is common all over the Carpathian Tumulus culture and the Piliny culture, although there are no similarly decorated examples. Since it has no exemplary temporal or spatial spread, this form is not suitable for dating.

BRONZES

I. Noppenring (Fig. 17)

This type has already been known since the Early Bronze Age in the Central European region (KEMENCZEI 1968,183; BÁTORA 2000, 319). Its extent involves quite a large area, from Germany through the Carpathians to the Croatian regions. Moreover, they could have been used for a long period as well. The spatial and temporal spreading can be exemplified by a piece from Rifnik,23 Slovenia, which has an undistinguishable form and size as the Late Bronze Age rings, but other artefacts date the burial earlier, to the Rei. Br. A2 (VINSKI 1961, 32). Another example was found in Bad Wünnenberg, which is dated to Rei. Br. B2 (CAPELLE 2012).24 Furthermore these rings can be made of bronze or gold, and they can be dated based on their shape and size (MOZSOLICS 1973, 51-52).

22 Some analogous, but undecorated examples are from the Tumulus sites of Detek.: KEMENCZEI 1968,167 (7. kép 8); Tiszafüred: KOVÁCS 1975 (Pl. 25, 260/3; Pl. 31, 336/4); and Piliny sites of Vizslás: KEMENCZEI 1984 (Taf. XIV. 19); Safarikovo: FURMÁNEK 1977b (Taf. XV. 23). There are a total of 5 cups from these sites, but none of them has any decoration.

23 VINSKI 1961, 32 (Tab. VI. 6).

24 LWL-Museum für Archäologie; Inv. No.: 1929:305.