Csengeri Piroska - Tóth Arnold (szerk.): A Herman Ottó Múzeum évkönyve 54. (Miskolc, 2015)

Régészet - Kósa Polett: Meggyasszó-Halom-oldal dűlő: New data int he Tumulus culture research from North-eastern Hungary

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Polett Kosa

l.A.

III.B.

III.B.2.

III.C.

III.C.2.

I.C.3.

Ooo

and even the Central European Tumulus communities used this form (KEMENCZEI 1968, 180).18 Václav Furmánek has used the term amphora-shaped vessel, and handled this type of ceramic as the basis of the later advanced amphorae of the Kyjatice culture (FURMÁNEK 1977b, 305). Dating involves a broad period of time from Rei. Br. B1 to the transition between Rei. Br. D/HaAl.

IV. Amphora-shaped vessel (Fig. 17)

There is a single example in grave SI (Table 1. 1/2). It has an outcurving rim, from which 2 handles are running to the shoulder line, so it can be termed as an amphora-shaped vessel, however T. Kemenczei defined this form as a mug (KEMENCZEI 1968, 181).19

18 Interpreted as an urn.

19 Identical forms can be found in the Tumulus sites of Tiszafüred: KOVÁCS 1975 (Pl. 1, 4/2; Pl. 2, 10/2; Pl. 21, 218/3; Pl. 23, 240/2); Egyek-Szőlőhegy: KOVÁCS 1966, 175 (14. kép 12);Mubi- Csüllődomb: KOVÁCS 1966, 182 (18. kép 6); and Piliny site of Zagyvapálfalva: KEMENCZEI 1967 (Abb. 17, 5). Most of the analogous pieces were found in the cemetery of Tiszafüred,

where a wide variety of vessels were found from the undecorated ones to the quite ornate examples.

Fig. 16. Typological order of mugs

16. kép. Bögrék típustáblázata

These elongated vessels appeared in the cemetery of Detek with or without a single handle,20 while 2 handled pieces are more typical to the material of the Carpathian Tumulus culture (KEMENCZEI 1968,181). This form is one of the most common pottery types in Tumulus cemeteries. There are handleless, one-, two-, or even four-handled versions of this vessel, along with some simple impressed decorations or sometimes with rich trimming through the shoulder line. This form has rooted from previous Middle Bronze Age cultures (TOCIK 1964, 48; KALICZ 1958, 53-54; KOVÁCS 1966, 194; KEMENCZEI 1967, 208). Undecorated double-handled pieces are more characteristic to the Tumulus culture, thus it can be dated to the Rei. Br. B2-C period, but the form continues to live up to the Rei. Br. D phase. The Piliny culture took over this form and often decorated it, yet it did not spread as much as by the Tumulus culture.

V. Jars (Fig. 17)

Two jars were found in grave S12. Their sizes roughly correspond to one another, but their shape is different. One of the jars only had a surviving side fragment (Ta20 E.g.: KEMENCZEI 1968 (5. kép 1; 7. kép 9, 24; 8. kép 2).