A Herman Ottó Múzeum évkönyve 50. (2011)
RÉGÉSZET - HELLEBRANDT Magdolna: Bronztekercs Abaújdevecserről.
140 Hellebrandt Magdolna laid on a table and the coiling was directed with some tool. It is similar to the piece of Rábé-Sasiillés. The surface of rod is smoothed, so it fit together inside the spirals well (Fig. 4). During the coiling, the octagonal cross section of the rod became round cross sectioned and grew narrow gradually. The yellowish, reddish mixed soil with stone pieces stuffed in the hollows inside the spirals, and it was the same material which was found in the test trenches. The smaller spiral was probably the last in the process of coiling, because a concave dent arches on the inner edge of the left side, and the material of the spiral rifted on one place. The exterior side of the smaller spiral is worn strongly. The width of the worn part is 5-8 cm. The finder burnished the object on the widest part (in the middle). Beside it, the wearing refers to the ancient using. The fine patina covering the whole find indicates that it spent thousands of years in water. The outer side of the larger spiral and the inner side of the rod near the spiral are strongly damaged. The plough could damage here. We can see burnishing on the inner side of the large, middle loop too, where the finder checked the material of the spiral. Inv. No.: 2002.20.1. TOPOGRAPHY Csoma mentioned (CSOMA 1910, 189) that he found potteries of the Bronze Age in upper layers of Neolithic settlements. There was discovered a bronze pin and a chisel in Garden Murgács. Gold was also found on the outskirts of the village (RÖMER 1866, 119. mentioned jewels; HAMPEL 1892. 24. wrotes about two gold rings; CSOMA 1910, 189). In the work of Frigyes Pesty, we can read about 27 pieces of gold, which were found in the Pasture-land Csere nearby ramparts (National Széchenyi Library HUNG. FOL. 1114. Abaúj County 177-180. Devecser). Tamás Bodnár archivist called my attention to this data. I give many thanks to him hereby. According to the inventory of Hungarian National Museum, the finds were registered on 18 l h of January 1848. The total weight of them could be 0,5 kg. During the revision in 1958, the assemblage was not found. The name of Csere cannot be found on the manuscript maps of the 19 t h century based on researches of Tamás Bodnár (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County Archives, Miskolc. BmU 178). The cadastral map, however, contains the name of the field (Fig. 11). The Ortás-földek lies above the Csere, south and south-west of it. We collected fragments of potteries of the Bronze Age west of Pénzverem-dűlő, on the hills above the present cemetery of the village (Fig. 12), where a minor road leads to south. Most of the finds are side fragments of vessels with black surface (Inv. No.: 99.24.1-66). This settlement may be the production place of the spiral. Let us see the settlements of the wider outskirts of Abaújdevecser. Forró is the best-known settlement. Here, 17 pieces of an assemblage were found along the gully under the vineyard in 1889. First it got into the Csoma Collection, and after then to the Hungarian National Museum (CSOMA 1910, 191-192, HOM RégAd, 851-72; HAMPEL 1892, CLXII; MOZSOLICS 1973, 136, Table 6.; KEMENCZEI 1984, 117). Amália Mozsolics dated these bronze finds of Forró in B IVa, while Tibor Kemenczei put it into the Bronze depots of Piliny Culture. A fragment of bowl and of turban spiral edge of pottery were also found in the cemetery of Forró. Kemenczei determined them belonging to the Kyjatice Culture (KEMENCZEI 1970, 60. IV. 22.; KEMENCZEI 1984, 129). Potteries of Kyjatice culture were found in the garden of the Calvinist clerk, on the upper part of the riverbed, and in Hosszúkötél-dűlő, village Fancsal (KEMENCZEI 1984, 129). Mária Wolf collected ceramic fragments of the Bronze Age on the hillside, on the eastern part of the village, on the northern side of the Calvinist church and on the western part of the village (together with ceramic fragments of Middle Age) in 1978 (Gádor-Hellebrandt-Simán 1979, 103-114). Copper chisel was given to Csoma from the Beret-Kenyérmező-dűlő (CSOMA 1910, HOM RégAd, 851-72). Tibor Kemenczei excavated 19 pieces of urn burials of Piliny culture behind the school in village Detek, between 1963 and 1964 (HOM Ltsz.66.25. 1—113.; KEMENCZEI 1968, 159-187.; KEMENCZEI 1984, 110). Mária Wolf excavated four urn burials of the Bronze Age from the Middle Aged settlement of Encs-Kelecsény (L. WOLF-SLMÁN 1985, 79). Méra-Földvár is a site of Bronze Age (B. HELLEBRANDT-SIMÁN 1979, 92). The Hill Puky is also a Bronze Aged site (L. WOLF M-SLMÁN 1985, 84.; B. H ELLEBRANDTL OVÁ SZ 1986, 278), which is partly similar to the site of the Fő Street. An urn burial was found in front of the council building, on 1 s t of Fő
