A Herman Ottó Múzeum Évkönyve 46. (2007)

ELŐADÁSOK A VALLONOK TÖRTENETÉHEZ - Miklós Cseri: Hungarian Open Air Museum Regional unit: Markét town from Northern Hungary

atmosphere to the interior. The bread-baking öven in the kitchen under the open chimney belongs to the fiat, rectangular type. The person standing in the dip in the floor in front of the öven moves the loaves easier in and out of the öven. A green glazed stove with fiat tiles and an open fireplace heat the room. The heating system of the house is a rarity: the öven sank under the stove completed with a lighting device cannot be found in any other building in Northern Hungary. Every room has rammed floor. A separate vaulted cellar from 1870 belongs to the croft. The interior of the house shows the way of life of a two-generation family without land, working as vinedressers. Although the family works as hired labourers, their living standard is defmitely higher compared to members of the same social stratum living in other regions in those days. Although the croftsoccupies a low ránk in the hierarchy of the markét town, the interior is still better than the average in Hungary. The family's income from the wine culture enabled them to purchase a better heating system and furniture of better quality. Tithe house, Mád Near the path leading to the vineyard we paved a small area, where we want to re-erect the dismantled tithe house from Mád, as foreseen in the settlement plán. People used to call the building "Hangman's house" or "Hanger house". Constructed before 1720, it served for storing manorial 'payments in kind' (wine, grain). The two-storied stone construction stood near the chapel of the Catholic graveyard, in the northeastern part of the former markét town. A room-kitchen-pantry occupied the ground floor, grain was stored originally upstairs in the undivided storeroom. The entrance to the cellar with clamps is in front of the open chimney of the kitchen. The ceiling consists of thick logs. The gable roof placed on collar-beams was covered with wooden shingles. Hay was forked ontó the loft through the opening cut in the shorter side of the roof. A permanent exhibition in the rooms of the tithe house will present the social and economic history of the region. The exhibition deals with the activities of Greek and Jewish wine merchants and shows relics of noble vineyard owners, who didn't live in the region ('outsider owners'). The statue ofSt. Donatus in Gyöngyös The statue (made in 1759) should stand near the path leading from the triangle shaped square to the vineyard terraces. Originally, the statue stood alsó in the fields of the town, in Gyöngyös-Szurdokpart. An important patron saint of the vineyards, St. Donatus was honoured with special devotion in the 18

th century. The statue stands on a square plinth decorated with a relief and an incised inscription. The relief depicts the Saint praying for prevention of storm and hail. A cylindriform Ionic pillar stands on the plinth. Clad in the full uniform of a Román legionary, Donatus stands on the top of the capital. The statue used to be a place of devotion for Román Catholics. 593