Külpolitika - A Magyar Külügyi Intézet elméleti-politikai folyóirata - 1975 (2. évfolyam)
1975 / 2. szám - A tanulmányok orosz és angol nyelvű tartalmi kivonata
Péter Faludi: Thirty years of socialist construction and proletarian internationalism in People’s Korea An account of thirty years’ socialist construction and fight for national unity by the people of Korea on the occasion of the anniversary of the liberation of the country by the Red Army. The major role played in this process by ties of friendship with the countries of the socialist community, the Soviet Union in the first place, is highlighted. The first part The liberation of Korea and the birth of the people’s democracy (1945—1949) tells of the revolutionary situation, and the revolutionary upheaval which was country-wide on the eve of liberation. It was however aborted in South Korea by outside, American, military intervention, and development was shepherded in a capiltalist and neo-colonialist direction. In North Korea however the Red Army not only disarmed the Japanese forces, putting an end once and for all to the colonial administrative system, its presence in itself created favourable conditions for democratic revolutionary dynamism. The basic objectives of an antiimperialist, anti-feudal, democratic and later socialist revolution were achieved under the leadership of the Workers’ Party of Korea. Later, following the establishment of the separatist Seoul puppet regime, national elections took place and the Korean People’s Republic was proclaimed. Relations between the country and the socialist countries are then described, as well as that systematic struggle which the Soviet Union has undertaken for a just settlement of the problems of the divided country. The second part deals with The patriotic war, reconstruction and socialist transformation (1950—1960). The events connected with the aggression against the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) are described, and that assistance which the socialist countries offered. Reconstruction went hand in hand with the liquidation of the colonial and feudal heritage and the start of socialist industrialization as well as the socialist transformation of industry. The Soviet Union and the other countries of the socialist community played a great part in the successes which the DPRK achieved in the course of the building of socialism. The third part discusses the constructive economic work done in the ’sixties, as well as the situation at home and abroad in which socialist construction and the fight for the unification of the country took place. Links with the countries of the socialist community are examined, as well as the way in which the relationship between Korea and the Soviet Union and Korea and China shaped. The Korean People’s Kepublic in the ’seventies, the last chapter, sums up those results achieved in the course of the construction of socialism on the basis of which the country changed from an agrarian-industrial country into a socialist industrial one. Political and social changes are described and modifications in the social structure as well, and the new socialist constitution of the country, as well as the objectives of the Six-Year (1971—1976) Plan. In conclusion international developments affecting the DPRK are described, as well as new forms of cooperation with the socialist countries. Sándor Pirityi: On peace and conflict research More than two hundred institutes the world over already specialise in peace and confilct research. A considerable proportion work for the cabinets of capitalist countries elaborating optimum variations and combinations of ways of dealing with problems, with or without the use of force. A great many scholars and scientists in socialist countries have also made modern and original contributions to a proper study of war and peace. The essay outlines the growth of peace and contflict studies and their present apparatus, those debates and discussions which took place concerning the subject, aim and methods of research, as well as certain national features and characteristics. The conservative and critical schools in which bourgeois research into the subject divides are both outlined, particular attention being given to escalation and deterrents. The author stresses that Soviet scholars and scientists have now joined in this research as well, and that their work includes active participation in the activities of the International Peace Institute located in Vienna. No doubt the process of detente itself potentiated interest in the most general as well as the most basic problems of war and peace, the international balance of power, security, more refined problems of international interests and conflicts of interests, and a more modern approach to all these. One ought to bear in mind the needs of the masses and those who are actVI
