Hidrológiai Közlöny 1973 (53. évfolyam)

7. szám - Salamin András: A Zagyva–Tarna komplex vízgazdálkodási rendszer. III. Önszabályozó vízgazdálkodás

Salamin A.: A Zagyva—

Tarna . .. III. Önszabályozó vízgazdálkodás Hidrológiai Közlöny 1973. 7. sz. 327 [5] Salamin P.: Consequences hydroques et agricole sur le bilan hydrologique des sols. Sociétó Hydrotechnique de France. Xlmes Janurnées de l'Hydráulique. Paris. 1970. [6] Vágás I. : Az átfolyás elméletének egyes kibernetikai vonatkozásai. Hidrológiai Közlöny. 1968/9. Complex water management system in the Zagyva

— Tarna catchment I. Project description By Radványi, R. Rapid development in industry and agriculture during the last decade in the catchment area of the Zagyva and Tarna Rivers has entailed a steep rise in water demands, as well as in the number of water management problems. In the wake of development in land use the value of areas exposed to flood hazards has increased considerably, with consequent demand for more effective and reliable flood control measures. The economic and water management problems in the catchment have effected and will affect in the future to an increasing extent the planning and implementation of projects growing in significance in the water, as well as in other sectors. The present conventional system of data collection had proved inadequate for both project planning and operative flood control activity, so that it has become necessary to develop and install a tele-metering system, which is capable of measuring, reporting and processing automatically the major hydrological and operating data. In the first stage of development the tele-metering system devised for the catchment area of the Zagyva and Tarna Rivers will measure, report and process the most important hydrological and hydrometeorological data. Moreover, from the processed data it will issue the required forecasts. Further development of the system will make it suitable for the optimal remote control of reservoirs already existing and to be built in the future in the catchment area. In view of the fact that the Zagyva

—Tarna water management system comprises a number of novel elements both in techniques and in theoretical solutions, it is regarded as an experimental pilot model for other systems to be installed on all minor watercourses in Hungary, as well as for the international water management system envisaged for the Tisza River Basin. II. Project design By Károlyi, Gs. B In response to the demand for an increasing volume of information in water management, the objective was to create a multi-purpose data collection system in the Zagyva—Tarna catchment area. The catchment area comprises a number of subcatchments of widely different character, the runoff from which is violent, the water demands are uncovered, no sufficient information is available on the volume of water resources and, moreover, the quality of water in the watercourses is poor. No correct decisions are possible, unless accurate and reliable data can be made available at convenient times. In the first stage of development the main objective is the prediction of runoff and rates of flow in the watercourses, so that the relevant data must be collected. Tele-metering is warranted for the factors having a major influence on the rate of runoff and liable to sudden changes. These include precipitation, snow-water content, river stage, soil moisture, soil frost, air temperature and soil temperature. The pattern of observing stations was designed partly on the basis of empirical data available, partly on the grounds of theoretical considerations. The network under construction will consist of 18 observing stations, comprising 93 signal transducers. In successive stages of development the measurement and monitoring of water quality data, as well as remote controlling of reservoirs will be realized. Communication between the observing stations and the control center will be realized over the telex network of the postal system. The observing stations are capable of transmitting practically any kind of analogue, or digital electric signal. The observation data are received by the small computer of the control center in permanent on-line operation, ensuring flexible data collection and instant warning. The processed informations are automatically forewarded to the interested agencies and parties, or alternatively it is possible to call the center any time for such data. III. Self-controlled water management model By Salamin, A. The automatic hydrological data collection and remote control system for the catchment area of the Zagyva and Tarna Rivers has been designed at the Central Danube Valley District Water Authority. In the final stage of development the designed water management tele-metering system will transmit in wet periods from 6 to 8 thousand observed data from the catchment area (Fig. 1) to the control center. The flood period in the water system is at least 5 to 8 days long. Forecasts of this length cannot be given, unless all data for the entire period are continuously available, so that —- considering the time-location- and type parameters pertaining to the measurement data — the number of data an information to be processed for operative flood control attains the order of magnitude of 100 thousand. The unusually great number of information in water management problems emphasises the need for great care in system design, beyond the collection of information, also on the systematical arrangement, storage and processing thereof, otherwise the system is uncapable of offering any greater advantage (advance time and accuracy) over the conventional correlative forecasting methods. In connection with the preliminary project report a water management model has been compiled for purposes of project formulation which is capable within a relatively short time -—- to arrange in systematical order the data transmitted by the automatic metering and reporting system, — to prepare forecasts of improving quality with advancing time (travel of the flood wave), and — after the completion of the envisaged pattern of reservoirs in the catchment, to create the optimum discharge conditions and to permit optimum operation, taking into consideration the demands of various water uses as well. The mathematical foundation of the system is a selfregulating model based on dynamic programming (Fig. 3). The sub- models of the system, tested already with success (models Ml, M3) are described in detail.