Archívum - A Heves Megyei Levéltár közleményei 15. (Eger, 1998)

TANULMÁNYOK • KÖZLEMÉNYEK - Csiffáry Gergely: A mátrai üveghuták története • 55

Steinkohle benutzt wurde. Die Glasherstellung hatte in dem vohergehenden Zeitraum der Werkindustrie einen auBerordentlichen Holzanspruch. Die Tátigkeit der Glasschmelzereien der Mátra war für die Waldnutzung weniger wirkungsvolle, aber schonungslose Naturvernichtungsart. Anstelle der ehemaligen Glashütten sind die in der Umgebung der entstanden Dörfer ausgeholzten Walder Mahnungsbeispiele für die naturvernichtende Tátigkeit der Menschen des XVIIIXIX. Jahrhunderts. Gergely Csiffáry The history of the glass-works in the Mátra mountains Mátra mountain which covers an area of looo square kilometres in situated in the territory of today's Hungary. The North mountain rangé of médium height, which extends for 12090 sqare kilometres, occupies 13% of the territory of Hungary. The biggest contiguoust forest, which was evén bigger in the historical pást, can be found in the Mátra mountains. From the early middle-ages these forest served as an important raw-material source for hte people living there. Besides firewood, raw-materials of charcoal borrowing, pearlash making and glass making could be found here. Alsó quartz, another important ingredient of glass making, could be found here. From the middle-ages until the early modern times, sixteen glass-works came intő existence in the Mátra mountains. The earliest glass work remains were found in Pásztó. It was a glass-smelting works, dating back to the 12-13' century. This glass-works is the earliest ever found in the territory of historical Hungary. The glass-work at Pásztó is pro ved to have been established 150-160 years earlier than the other glass-works of Hungary. This glass-work must have belonged to the Cistercian abbacy and supplied glass matériái to the large-scale buildings that took place here at the time. According to the documents, the glass-works of Bodony were founded later and supported those large-scale buildings of the bishop of Eger and the castle of Eger. In the early modern times, in 1710, the first glass-works, on the bordér of Párád, were founded by Ferenc Rákóczi, in Óhuta. This glass-works was operating until 1767. After the forest died-out, this glass-works was moved to Újhuta, (territory of today's Parádsasvár. The legal successor of this glass-works is still operating today as a glass factory. In the area Párád two other glass-smelting works were operating, according to documents, the were operating 1783. One of which was Kopott Huta and the other one was the glass-works of Méheskert. Altogether 4 glass-works were founded in this area. In the area of Hasznos, which is an area situated in the higher Mátras, there were 6 glass-works established throughout the centuries. The first was situated in the territory of today's Mátrtaszentimre. This one was called the Apátsági Huta and operated from 1741 till about 1780. The second glass-works established, was the 119