Archívum - A Heves Megyei Levéltár közleményei 15. (Eger, 1998)
TANULMÁNYOK • KÖZLEMÉNYEK - Csiffáry Gergely: A mátrai üveghuták története • 55
Almásy, Felső or Belső glass-works, which operated between 1780-1841 and could be found in the territory of taday's Mátraszentistván. In the territory of today's Mátraszentlászló the Fiskalitás, Legfelső, or Kalitkás glass-works was established, which closed before 1845. In the area of today's Mátraszentimre, the Keviczki or Ötház glass-works operated from 1810 till before 1850. In the area of Hasznos, the so called Alsó glass-works operated until about 1827. This establishment could be found in the terrotory of today's Mátrakeresztes. Alsó in this territory the Felső or Dessewffy glass-smelting works operated between 1821-1847. Somé more glass-smelting works existed in the area of, Tiribes from before 1767 until about 1786, in Gyöngyössolymos from 1775-1784, in the area of Németmezőbefore 1785 and in the area of today's Mátraalmás in Szuhahuta, from before 1777 till 1836. The operating of the glass-works situated in the Mátra mountain were supported by several facts. For example, the forest, glass-smelting works satisfied the every day needs of the peasants by producing bottles, glasses balloons, nightlights, glass-windows etc. Alsó bottles and jugs keeping wine were produced in these works. Alsó the large vine-yards in the area of Göngyös and the food markét facilites helped there works. The products of the glass-works in the Mátra mountain appeared in the markets of Gyöngyös, Eger, Balsassagyarmat and evén in the national markets of Pest, but were alsó brought to further territories east of the River Tisza and the markets of Debrecen. Glass-smelting works with different economical backgrounds after the destroying of the forests, were mainly closed before 1850, except for the glasssmelting works of Párád. This was the only glass-works that could develop intő a factory. As the rest of the small-scale were closed down the remaining small glasssmelting works could be no match for the factory of Párád. The development of the glass-works of Párád intő a glass-factory was helped for several reasons. One of the most important being that Grassalkovich, Orczy, and the Károlyi family, who this works belonged to, continuously developed the production. Alsó the bottling of the sparkling water of the nearby Csevice spring started earlier, so continuos bottle producing and a stable markét was guaranted. Alsó the factory in Párád had better transporting facilites and more capital. No doubt that after 1850 man power and production concentrated here. In 1887 the railway was built in Párád so the settlement, the baths and the glass-factory became united with the nation. The long life expectancy glass-works that were found in the 18 n century were remarkable settlement development factors. Every second of them became an inhabited settlement an due to this seven new settlements came intő existence, in the highest regions of the Mátras. These settlement still exist today. Each of the glass-work founded in the 18 th and 19 th centuries operated on wood burning furnace and the basic materials of glass-making was the pearlash gained by wood burning. The factory of Párád was the first and only works that used soda instead of pearlash and hard coal instead of fire wood since 1848. Glass-works before the capitalists era had an enormous wood consumption. The operádon of the 120
