S. Mahunka szerk.: Folia Entomologica Hungarica 64. (Budapest, 2003)

bented outwards and delimiting a smooth central area, with pubescence in the upper corners, prolong the lateral propodeal carinae (Fig. 5) and the gall is extremely hard with a vitreous surface in dissection. Taxonomic comments - According DallaTorre & Kieffer (1910) the valid name of this species is Andricus infectorius (Hartig). The name was proposed conditionally by Hartig in 1843 as "Cynips infectoria" and according to the ICZN (art. 17.8), names proposed in this way before 1961 are valid. Hartig described this species on the basis of the gall only, what is also valid (ICZN, art. 72.5 and art. 72.5.1, species described on the basis of galls before 1931 are valid). Stefani (1886) made a new variety named as Cynips tinctoria var. nostras, and stated that it differs from C. tinctoria, but without accompanying this statement with neither description nor drawing; so Cynips tinctoria nostras Stefani must be considered as a nomen nudum. Kieffer ( 1897-1901) gave the description of this variety; and according to the ICZN, the author of the name C. tinctoria var. nostras should be Kieffer, however different authors erroneously cited Stefani as the species author (Trotter 1903, Dalla Torre & Kieffer 1910, Chodjai 1980, Stone & Cook 1998, among others). Trotter (1903) wrote this form as C. tinctoria-nostras, and therefore posterior authors (Ambrus 1974, Dauphin & Aniotsbehere 1993, Csóka 1997, Stone & Cook 1998, Melika & Bechtold 1999, among others) have considered the name incorrectly as A. tinctoriusnostrus. Another misidentification involves A. gallaetinctoriae and A. infectorius (= tinctoriusnostrus) which were recorded in Ambrus (1974), lonescu (1957, 1973), Kierych (1979), Melika et al. (2000) and many others, which are in fact A. infectorius. Distribution - Eastern and Southeastern Europe (Hungary, Yugoslavia, Ukraine, Austria, Italy) and Asia Minor (Turkey). Records from North Africa (Tunisia) and France (Dalla Torre & Kieffer 1910) must be confirmed. Records of A. gallaetinctoriae in lonescu (1957) from Greece and Romania probably also belong to this species. It is very likely that the part of the material from Asia Minor (particularly from Turkey), considered by some authors as Andricus infectoria or A. nostrus and the citation of this species from Iran (Chodjai 1980), belong to the herein described new species, Andricus sternlichti. Biology - Andricus burgundus Giraud, 1859 has been considered as the sexual generation of this species (Askew 1984). However, recent phylogenetic studies showed that these are two separate, unrelated species (Stone & Cook 1998). Moreover, the presence of A. burgundus in areas, where from A. infectorius is unknown also support this view. Like other species of the kollari-group, the sexual generation probably develops on Q. cerris or related oak species. Therefore, only the asexual generation of A. infectorius is known. Galls mature in October and fall from the tree in winter (Ambrus 1974); according to the studied material, adults emerge in the next spring.