Folia archeologica 54.

Kocsis László - Mráv Zsolt: Egy késő római sisak arcvédő lemezének töredéke Dunafalváról (Bács-Kiskun megye)

348 POI.GÁR BALÁZS THE RESEARCH AND THE PROTECTION OF THE MEDIEVAL BATTLEFIELDS IN HUNGARY The battlefield archaeology is a sub-discipline, which has developed in Hungary lately. The most explored battlefields in Hungary are the battlefield of Muhi and that of Mohács. (The battle of Muhi and that of Mohács have been decisive defeats in the Hungarian history.) However, the area of these battlefields is not known exactly. Rogerius prebend's writing about (he Tartar invasion expansively/at large, but he did not determine the exact place of the battle at Muhi (AD 124Í). The events of the battle are well-known, but the research has not identified this battlefield by field work, yet. (During the research in the 1930s, the archaeologists found a medieval market-town's remains. The name of this market-town was Muhi.) A few writings are about the defeat suffered at Mohács (AD 1526). However, István Brodarics chancellor's account, Antonio Giovanni da Burgio apostolic deputy's letters or the contemporary Turkish accounts of the battle of Mohács are all misleading. The area of the battlefield of Mohács is very large. 5 mass graves were found by László Papp and Borbála Maráz at Sátorhely (near Mohács) in the 1960s and 1970s. The archaeologists (and the collectors) found bows, f ragments of horseshoes, bands and blades and bullets in the course of field walking. Lajos Négyesi led a determinant research in 1992—1993, during which the ruins of Földvár were found north of Majs. (The Hungarian cavalry fought with janissaries at Földvár in 1526.) The greatest challenge of the Hungarian battlefield archaeology is to compile the list of the Hungarian battlefields, where battles have been fought, which have become turning-points in the Hungarian or European history. Furthermore, another goal of this young sub-discipline is the protection of battlefields. (The notion of archaeological locality and historian landscape provides legal ground to the preservation of battlefields.) Balázs Polgár