Az Eszterházy Károly Tanárképző Főiskola Tudományos Közleményei. 2002. Vol. 3. Eger Journal of English Studies.(Acta Academiae Paedagogicae Agriensis : Nova series ; Tom. 29)

Éva Kovács: Properties of Verbs Which Constitute Phrasal Verbs

PHRASAL VERBS 119 whereas set aside is more concerned with the activity of separating, or the separation itself. Thus there are hardly any instances where set apart and set aside can be interchanged, even though their meaning is so similar. Kennedy (1920:24), Poutsma (1926:296), Curme (1931:379), Jowett (1950/51:156), Potter (1965:297-8), Fairclough (1965:73), Live (1965:436), Bolinger (1971:96-110), Lipka (1972:182-184 and Fraser (1976:6) have noted the aspectual cast of phrasal verbs. The adverb (or adverbial particle) is said to contribute to the expression of aspect and mode of action ("Aktionsart"), which is used for the distinction of several phases of the action or process, such as inchoative, ingressive, continuative, progressive, egressive, conclusive, resultative, terminative, iterative, frequentive vs. durative, punctual vs. linear, and also intensive, or intensifying. The two most common particles in Modern English, UP and OUT have the following aspectual meanings in the interpretation of different scholars: UP Kennedy (1920:24-5) Poutsma (1926:296, 300-1) Curme (1931:379, 381) Jowett (1950/51:156) 'locative idea' and perfective value' combined e.g. cage up, board up, lace up 'perfective value' meaning 'bringing to or out of a condition' e.g. heat up, clean up, light up 'ingressive aspect' e.g. look up (to), stand up, sit up 'terminative aspect' e.g. finish up, drink up, dry up 'ingressive aspect' e.g. hurry up, stand up, show up 'effective aspect' e.g. set up 'durative effective aspect' e.g. keep up intensive force and the thoroughness and completeness of the process'