Vízügyi Közlemények, 1992 (74. évfolyam)

1. füzet - Ripert Christian-Tiercelin Jean-Robert-Navrot Catherine-Klimó Erzsébet-Gajárszki Győző-Cadillon Marcel-Termea Lídia-Vermes László: A lakossági szennyvíz mezőgazdasági és erdészeti hasznosítása

A lakossági szennyvíz mezőgazdasági és erdészeti hasznosítása 55 Utilization of communal sewage in agriculture and forestry by Christian RIPERT, C.E., Jean-Robert TIERCEL1N, C.E., Catherine NAVROT, Erzsébet KL1MÓ, agr. eng., Győző GAJÁRSZKI, agr. eng., Marcel CADILLON, soil scientist, Lidia TREMEA, mikrobiologist and Dr. László VERMES, agr. eng. Researchers of the French institute CEMAGREF and the Hungarian institute VITIJKI present jointly their most important national research results related to the disposal and utilization of communal sewage waters in agriculture and forestry, together with their practical experiences with certain operation technologies and pilot facilities. The major characteristics of two I lungarian and two French sewage disposal and utilization plants (Fig. 1.) arc presented in Table I. In the Hungarian plant at Kecskemét sewage water is used for irrigating ploughland cultures and a poplar tree plantation, while the disposal is made in an infiltration-area. At the other Hungarian plant in the vicinity of Gyula partially treated sewage water is being disposed off in a poplar tree plantation with the ditch-network method and with a capacity of 2000-3000 mm/yr. In the French plant near Cogolin microirrigation methods are used for disposing of pretrcated and filteres communal sewage water in natural and planted forests. In Ixindiras the settled communal sewage of the little town is utilized for the sprinkling irrigation of newly planted lawns. The block diagrams and process schemes of technologies applied in the above mentioned plants are shown in Figs. 2-5. The most important joint achievement of the technologies presented is that Ihe treatment efficiency attained by soil filtration was as high, in all cases, as that of the full conventional sewage treatment (including 1st, 2nd and advanced stage processes). No harmful changes of significant modification of the soil's quality have been encountered in any of the cases. The authors draw the attention to the fact in the case of sewage disposal by sprinkling irrigation methods aerosol air pollutants can be detected in the vicinity of the sprayed area, but these effects are fast decreasing with the distance. In ihe case of fodder crops irrigated with sewage water at the Landiras plant it was found that the cattle refused to feed on the thus irrigated green fodder crop, likely because of its nuissance odor. No such experiences were gained with grain fodder. * * * Nutzung von Siedlungsabwässern in der I^ind- und Forstwirtschaft von Dipl.-Ing. Christian RIPERT, Dipl.-Ing. Jean-Robert TIERCELIN, Catherine NAVROT, Dipl.-Landwirt Erzsébet KLIMO, Dipl.-Landwirt und Faching. Győző GAJARSZKI, Dipl.-Ilodening. Marcel CADILLON, Dipl.-Mikorbiol. Lidia TREMEA und Dr.-Landwirt László VERMES, CSc. Die Mitarbeiter des ungarischen Forschungszentrums VITUKI und das französischen Instituts CEMAGREF bcsprcchcn in einer gemeinsamen Studie ihre wichtigsten Forschungsergebnisse und Betriebserfahrungen, die sie bei der land- und forstwirtschaftlichen Ausbringung bzw. Nutzung von kommunalen Abwässern gesammelt haben. Die wichtigeren Kennzahlen der vorgeführten zwei ungarischen und zwei französischen Anlagen für Abwasserunterbringung und -nutzung (Bild 1) wurden in Tab. 1. zusammengefaßt. In Ungarn wird das Abwasser in der Kecskemétet Anlage für die Bewässerung von Ackerpflanzen genutz, sowie auf einen Nutz-Pappelwald bzw. auf ein Filterfeld ausgebracht. In der