Vízügyi Közlemények, 1990 (72. évfolyam)

1. füzet - Domokos Miklós: Másfél évtized felszíni hidrológiai kutatásai Magyarországon

114 Domokos Miklós С целью научного обоснования водохозяйственных решений был разработан «многостадийный» сводный водохозяйственный баланс по формуле (14), который дифференцировано учитывает отдельные группы водопотребителей разной чувствительности к перебою в воде, был разработан более эффективный показатель ограничения использования воды (рис. 23). был разработан способ учета стохастической связи водных ресурсов и водопотреблений, а также »динамический водохозяйственный баланс», позволяющей принимать непрерывного развития водопотреблений (Домокош 1987). Симуляционное моделирование — которое является важным средством обоснования водохозяйственных решений — было выполнено для водохозяйственных систем Балатона (рис. 24 и 25) и озера Веленцеи при разных сценариях (Кориш — Надь — Силваши 1978; Паппне Урбан — Сабо 1987J. * * * Research in surface hydrology over the past 15 years in Hungary by Dr. M. DOMOKOS, С. E„ dipl. math. A well-illustrated overview is presented by the author in this paper about recent hydrologic and water management research activites concerning the natural and socio-economic motion of water. The time-span discussed is between 1975 and 1989, the period after the termination of the International Hydrological Decade. During the investigated period (1975-1989) the intensity of hydrological research concerning surface water resources, has been much less than that in the realm of subsurface water resources, or the surface water research of the previous time period. One reason was the relative insignificance of current critical hydrological events (floods, water logging), the second the increasing importance of the subsurface resources. The lack in elaborate organizations working in hydraulic research was also one of the reasons of misconception and shortsightedness (Goda 1987). The most unfavourable cousequence is that activity has been given up in the Hungarian hydrological experimental basins. A detailed description of the results is here attempted by the author based on about 60 studies selected from 1500 papers. Basic research work in hydrology and study of the waterhousehold may consists of: global (Fig. 1), Danube-basin (Figs. 2 and

3) and smaller catchment (Figs. 4 and

5) investigations, and studies on runoff models (Figs. 6-9). Research work in the field of drainage of hilly areas and settlements comprises: auxiliary material to promote estimation of design discharges in catchments lacking sufficient information (Figs. 10-12). Flat land drainage was aided by empirical relationships (Eqs. 9-11) used in the design of land drainage protection supplemented by hydrologic (Fig. 13) and damage Fig. 14) nomograms to estimate hydrological changes and damage output in water logging. In the area of flood-hydrology, the greatest endeavour of the period was the publication consisting of several volumes - entitled "Hydrological bases to determine design discharges of the rivers of Hungary" prepared by a team (VITVKI

1916; Fig. 15) An addition, a number of analyses were prepared analyzing the flood events of different larger rivers (Figs. 16-17), taking care of the tendencies of icy and iceless floods (Déri 1985, 1988) and of the theoretical problems of the probabilistic description of floods (Kovács, acad. 1983). One part of the investigation in the field of reservoir hydrology has concentrated on the promotion of the efficiency of reservoirs used in water supply (Figs. 18-19). The other was devoted on the exploration and hydrological dimensioning of newly built or planned reservoirs. This second task was solved by a group of researchers aided by a further developed version of the Moran model (Zsuffa-Gállai, 1988). Another group, however, settled with the traditional, deterministic-simulative mass-curve methods (Fig. 20). These latter were used to find out the empirical function (13) for the calculation of estimates of capacity-yield-safety relationships (Fig. 21) in the cross-sections of the valley envisaged as potential dam-sites but lacking adequate hydrological observations. Also, the effect of expected climatic changes on reservoir storage volumes has been investigated (Fig. 22).