Vízügyi Közlemények, 1978 (60. évfolyam)

1. füzet - Szesztay Károly: A vízminőség védelme a vízhasználatok és a vízigények szabályozásával

26 Szesztay Károly Protection of water quality by eontrollinji water uses and demands By Dr. K. Szesztay, Civ. Engr. Doctor of Techn. Sc. The evolution of technical and administration functions associated with water mangement can be subdivided into three interrelated phases, depending on the balance of demands and supplies, or on the extent of social expenditure required for establishing the equilibrium of this balance. The relevant activities involved are water supply, water resources management and controlling the water demands (Table I, columns 1, 2 and 3). During the past two-three decades the rivers, lakes and ground waters in virtually all industrialized countries have become extensively polluted with surprisingly short differences in time. This is due essentially to the inadequate pattern of water administration and its contact with the system of socio-economic planning and management, which failed to keep pace with the radical changes in the balance of demands and resources. These changes are but incompletely and with a time lag reflected by the conventional indices of economic systems. In the interest of disposing the wastes and effluents produced in steeply growing volumes, with compositions and types varying and expanding from year to year, and for reducing the damages resulting therefrom to the necessary, unavoidable extent compatible with the socio-economic interests of the whole population, there is an incraesing need for applying administration measures of a scope extending beyond the conventional water management functions. This is a characteristic feature of the objective-means system in pollution control. Under these circumstances the technical equipment and changes in production technology required for obtaining the objectives cannot be realized, or applied unless these are closely interrelated and prepared together with the administration measures (Table II). Pollution control must be practiced on sound fundamentals in the interest of consistent objectives, including the gradual, but radical evolution of the technological approach which provides the philosophical backgroung and motive force of industrialization. In the course thereof the two existing foundations of production technologies, namely engineering perfection and economic efficiency (productivity) must be supplemented by a third, the aspects and limiting constraints of ecological harmony. This is impossible to attain, unless pollution control is replaced at the earliest possible date by water quality management. The „defenses" thereof must be incorporated organically into the technologies of industry, agriculture and other land uses, and as an essential prerequisite of the former, into individual and public conscience. * * * Wasserjjütescliutz mittels Regelung der Wassernutzungen und der Wassern nspriiche von Dr. —

Ing. Károly Szesztay Doktor der technischen Wissenschaften Innerhalb der Gestaltung der technischen- und Verwaltungstätigkeiten der Wasserwirtschaft können — abhängig von der Bilanz der Wasservorräte und -anspräche, bzw. vom Mass der gesellschaftlichen Aufwände, die zur Sicherung des Gleichgewichts der Bilanz notwendig sind — drei ineinander verknüpfte Phasen unterschieden werden. Die kennzeichnenden Tätigkeiten deren sind : die Wasserversorung, die Wasservorratswirtschaft und die Regelung der Wasseransprüche (Tab. I., Spalten 1., 2. und 3.). Die Tatsache, dass im Laufe der letzten zwei-drei Jahrzehnte die Flüsse, die Seen und die Bodenwässer in sozusagen sämtlichen industrialisierten Ländern in hohem Grade und mit einer überraschender Gleichzeitigkeit verschmutzt wurden, ist im wesentlichen ein Ergebnis der Tatsache, dass die Struktur der wasserwirtschaftlichen Verwaltung und ihre Anpassung an das Ganze der gesellschaftlich-wirtschaft-