Vízügyi Közlemények, 1957 (39. évfolyam)
4. füzet - VI. Kisebb közlemények
(44) Клапанные затворы применятся также у больших шлюзов, устраиваемых особых шлюзов для лодок, а то в их верхней голове (рис. 10/а — lile. и карт. ti.). В заключении автор излагает формулу Бреда (Bredt) для расчета конструкций против вращения. Более подробное резюме публикуется на английском языке. BASCULE GATES by M. Merényi (Figures and pictures on pp 368—388. of Hungarian text) 627.432.4 The first application of bascule gates around 1900 is attributed to the German engineer Max Carstanjen ; during the last 15 20 years they have beervbuilt in increasing numbers. Bascule gates are used mostly for surface control and for heads up to 6 metres , the most frequent range being from 1,5 to 3 metres. The opening to be spanned is practically unlimited, their length may attain even 150 metres. The tilling gear may be located in the side piers or under the gate leaves on the tailwater side. The system has no projecting parts to present obstruction to the passage of ice, of floating debris, or to limit the headroom required for passing vessels. The absence of an overhead structure is also aesthetically advantageous. Mounted on top of vertical-lift or tainter gates, bascule gales serve mostly purposes of surface control. The leaves carry the load mainly by torsion. Cantilever leafs (Fig. 1 ) mounted on circular or — for manufacturing reasons - rectangular box girders or else l'ishbelly (Fig. 2) sections are therefore used in practice. The lilting gear may be mounted on one side or by applying hoists at both ends (arranged symmetrically) —• the span may be doubled without increasing the section. The gate-leaves may be operated by different hoists, such as rack-and-pinion drives (Figs. 1 and 7), sprocket chains (Fig. 2), gear segments (Fig. 9), horizontal worm drives (Fig. 8), or hydraulic hoists (Fig. (>). Since the lifting effort varies directly as Ihe third power of (he head, bascule gates higher than 3 m have seldom been applied. The modern trend, however, is to increase the height of bascule gates. 5 m high fish-belly leaves hoisted at both ends and having a clear width of 40 m, and 3,8 m high assymmetrically operated leaves over 24,5 m span have recently been constructed by the MAN and Krupp Works respectively. In Hungarian irrigation and drainage canals the passage of small craft and barges had to be provided for. Several bascule gates were built for spans between 4 and 5 metres and for heads ranging from 2 to 3 metres with the operating mechanism arranged asymmetrically at one end (See Fig. 1 and 2, and Pictures 2 and 3 ). Experiences gained with these were favourable. The wire rope drive shown in Fig. 4 may be used as a temporary solution. With two bascule gates arranged in succession a navigation lock (barge lock) serving simultaneously as canal intake could be created. The three-chord type vertical lift gale installed at the Tiszalök weir is topped by a 38 metre long bascule leaf of fish-belly section with sprocket chain operating gear on both sides providing an additional head of 2 metres. The arrangement shown in Picture 1 and Fig. 5 is a good example of combined surface control. Л similar arrangement combined with tainter gates is used e.g. at the Donz;re-Mondragon weir on the Rhône River. Weirs across wide but shallow rivers have been equipped with bascule gates (Fig. 0) and they have been used extensively as crest-gates for flood and surface control at spillways of great dams. They represent a suecessfull solution to the problem of increasing the storage and spillway capacity of existing fixed-weir installations ( Picture 4). — Different operating gears are shown in Figs. 7 and 8. The maximum span of bascule gate-leaves equipped with operators at both ends is about 50 metres. The hvdraulically operated SMS-type bascule gates constructed in recent times in the USA (Picture 4 and Fig. G) are suitable for practically any length, even up to 150 metres.
