Új Szó, 2008. november (61. évfolyam, 254-276. szám)

2008-11-13 / 263. szám, csütörtök

www.ujszo.com ÚJ SZÓ 2008. NOVEMBER 13.

Angol nyelvlecke 11

•• BRITISH •• COUNCIL

Kedves Olvasó!

Learn English 17

Az Új Szó és a British Council együttműködésében hat héten keresztül - a SME napilapban korábban sikeresen megjelentetett - angol nyelvtanfolyamot közlünk 12 leckében. Hetente hétszer - csütörtökön és szombaton - ezen az oldalon érdekes témákat talál, melyek segítségével nemcsak szókincsét bővítheti, hanem angol nyelvtani tudását is tökéletesítheti. Minden lecke egy kvízkérdést is tartalmaz. Ha 2008. május 29-ig a quiz@britishcounril.sk e-mail címre elküldi mind a 12 helyes választ, átruházható tanfolyamat illetve nyelvtankönyveket és szótárakat nyerhet. A játékot 2008. június 2-án értékeljük ki. A játékszabályokról és a díjakról a www.britishcouncil.sk címen talál további információkat.

A tanfolyammal kapcsolatos véleményét, észrevételeit elküldheti a www.velemeny@ujszo.com címre.

A nyelvtanulás akkor a leghatékonyabb, ha olvassa és hallgatja Is a szöveget.

The moon by Richard Sidaway

ng Article

Lazy moon, come out soon.

You can make me happy, if you will.

As the brightest and biggest thing in the night sky, the moon has inspired music, poetry and stories for centuries. Federico Garcia Lorca wrote a ballad about it. Debussy composed a piece for piano. Frank Sinatra wanted someone to fly him there.

Mythological explanations

Many peoples and civilisations have made the moon part of their beliefs. In Hinduism, it contains soma, a drink that gives the gods immortality. When the Maoris look at the moon, they see a woman holding a bucket who they call Rona. She controls the tides and makes rain when she is angry by pouring the water out. The Inuit think the moon chases his sister the sun across the sky. He becomes thin, like a crescent, because he forgets to eat while he is running. In parts of Europe, people believed a full moon made people mad. The word lunacy comes from the name of the Roman Goddess, Luna.

Marking time

In the Muslim year, Ramadan begins when the new moon appears. Christians count fourteen days after the first full moon of the Spring Equinox and celebrate Easter on the next Sunday. The Chinese have a moon festival in autumn when people read and write poetry and eat moon cakes- small and round with sweets inside. In Thailand, people send boats down the river with candles in them under the full moon during Loy Krathong.

Mistaken beliefs

People will tell you that crime rises and the number of suicides and traffic accidents go up on nights when there is a full moon. No study has a found significant increase, however. Some believe the lunar cycle and the human menstrual cycle are linked, and that women are influenced by the phases of the moon. Pure coincidence. The lunar cycle is regular -every 29.5 days - while women’s are

Vocabula

5 words/phrases from the text

1. bucket: open container with a handle at the top for carrying liquids

2. tide: regular rise and fall in sea level

3. pour: make a liquid flow from a container

4. hostile: very unfriendly or difficult

5. obliterate: remove all signs of something

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slightly shorter and start at different times.

Another belief is that the pull of the moon’s gravity has an influence on people like it does on the sea. However, the tides are only affected by the moon because they combine with the force of the earth as it spins. Someone estimated that a mosquito has more gravitational effect on us than the moon.

And I’m sorry to say that the Great Wall of China is not visible from the moon. But you can see it from a satellite in orbit around the earth.

Moon landings

In July 1969, it took about seventy hours to get there by rocket. All the computing power they used then now exists inside just one personal computer!

Everyone knows that there is no air on the moon and very little gravity. But it is a hostile environment to humans in other ways. Like a desert, it gets very hot during the day (130°C) and very cold at night

Vocabulary

Vocabulary gap fill. Now use the 5

words/phrases to fill the gaps in the

sentences below:

1. Can I .............................you

another cup of tea?

2. The town was almost

...................... during the

war but has now been rebuilt.

3. His sandcastle was washed

away by the .................

4. They wanted to build a new road but the local people

were very

...................to the

idea.

5. Can you get me a

...............?

There's water coming in through the roof.

(minusll8°C), which is why you need a space suit. „

A total of twelve men have walked on the moon. Their footprints are still there because there’s no wind or water to obliterate them. One astronaut, Alan Sheppard, hit a golf ball that went 800 metres because of the lack of gravity. Presumably, it's still there too.

Some people don’t believe anybody has been to the moon at all. They think it was all simulated in a desert or a film studio. But then thirteen per cent of adults in the USA still believe that part of the moon is made of cheese...

Mortal remains

Do you want to be buried on the moon? Only one person has; Eugene Merle Shoemaker, one of the original brains behind the US Space program. His ashes were put there after he died in 1997. Scientists think that the moon itself is the remains of a collision between the earth and another planet, but its exact origins are still a mystery.

Reading Comprehension

Reordering sentences. Put the

sentences below in the order they

appear in the article.

a. The full moon is supposed to cause more deaths and injuries than normal.

b. The remains of a scientist can be found on the moon.

c. People once believed that the moon affected our mental state.

d. Several cultures incorporate the moon into a religious festival

e. The moon is subject to extremes of temperature on its surface

Quiz Question 17

UK Supermodel bom in Croydon, London on 1974.-----------,---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------j---------------Grammar

Past habit- used to / would / past simple

When we talk about things that happened in the past but don't happen anymore we can do it in different ways.

Used to

We used to live in New York when I was a hid.

There didn’t use to be a petrol station there. When was it built? We can use “used to” to talk about past states....

I used to go swimming every Thursday when I was at school.

I used to smoke but I gave up a few years ago.

... or we can use “used to” to talk about repeated past actions

Remember that “used to” is only for past states / actions that don’t happen now - we can't use it for things that still happen now. Also, “used to + infinitive” should not be confused with “be / get” used to + “ing” form - this is covered in a separate section.

Would

Every Saturday I would go on a long bike ride.

My teachers would always say "Sit down and shut up!"

We can use “would” to talk about repeated past actions.

Often either “would” or “used to” is possible. Both of these sentences are possible.

Every Saturday, I would go on a long bike ride.

Every Saturday I used to go on a long bike ride.

However, only “used to” is possible when we talk about past states.

We used to live in New York when I was a kid.

Past simple ~f

We went / used to go / would go to the same beach every summer. We can use the past simple in the same way as “used to” and “would” to talk about repeated past actions.

I had / used to have a dog called Charlie.

We can also use the past simple for past states.

I went to Egypt in 1988.

However, if something happened only once we can’t use “used to” or “would” - we must use the past simple.

Decide which verb forms are possible in each of the gaps. Decide between “used to”, “would” and past simple. Sometimes more than one is possible.

1 When I was young we [1] (live) in a big house in the countryside. On summer mornings I [2] (get up) early while everyone else was asleep, I [3] (make) breakfast for myself and creep out of the house to go fishing. I [4] (spend) hours fishing in a small river near our house. Once I [5] (catch) an enormous trout.

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Megrendelőlap

m Név:.

Utca, házszám:

Település:

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■R Telefonszám:............................................E-mail:..........................................................................

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CDI

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