Marta, Liviu: The Late Bronze Age Settlements of Petea-Csengersima (Satu Mare, 2009)
IV. Habitation of the Lăpuş II-Gáva I Archaeological Culture
vessels from the necropolis at Lăpuş540 and the early phase of the Gáva culture541. Rarely horizontal wide channels continue to be used in sites of the developed phase of the Gáva culture542. Short, narrow, oblique or vertical channels (motifs GC, GD, GE) are characteristic ornaments of cups (PL 12/5, 14/6, 21/9,12, 41/1). Only in a single case does a group of narrow channels decorate a bowl (PI. 8/13). Short cups with greatly over raised handles of Gáva I and Lăpuş pottery also have this type of ornament543. Wide, long oblique or vertical channels (motifs GF and GH) adorn the shoulders of amphorae (PL 5/7, 18/10, 43/3). Alongside vertical or oblique appliqué ribs these ornaments are very common on the amphorae from Petea-Csengersima. Wide oblique or vertical channels are frequently encountered on the amphorae of the Lăpuş group544 or of the Gáva I finds from the region of Carei545. They are frequent also on the amphorae of the Gáva culture from the Upper Tisa region, while in later sites of the culture they are replaced with thin channels often arranged in a garland pattern546. Long narrow channels (GG) are present on cups (PL 4/6) or on the handles of these (PL 18/6). Arched and spiralled channels (the H group of ornaments). Arched channels (HA) decorate one of the bowls discovered in the settlement at Petea—Csengersima (PL 26/10). These are present on cups and amphorae from the Gáva I547 and Lăpuş II phases548. The arched narrow channels arranged in the form of a garland (motif HB) are present on a single vessel from Petea—Csengersima that belongs to subtype 3B of amphorae (PL 14/5). This motif is absent from the pottery of the Lăpuş group or from that attributed to the Gáva I phase from the area of Carei. Bi-conical vessels whose necks are decorated with channels arranged in a garland pattern or specific of the cultural group that precede the Gáva culture in Banat549, Bihor550 and the middle course of the Tisa551. The interpretation of the vessel from Petea- Csengersima as an import is indicated by the presence of a register of horizontal channels above the channels arranged in a garland pattern, a decorative combination specific of the vessels of the cultural environments mentioned. Spiralled channelled decoration (HC) adorns the hypertrophied protuberances on an amphora (PL 4/8). The great part of protuberances decorated with wide spiralled channelled decoration is present on amphorae attributed to the Gáva T52 and Lăpuş II phases553. As it was seen in the presentation of amphorae belonging to subtype IB, the vessels adorned with spiralled channels are directly associated with Cincu—Suseni/ Kurd type deposits or are discovered in settlements with deposits or bronze objects specific of this deposit type. Another part of spiralled ornaments on hypertrophied protuberances that were discovered in 54<l Kacsó 2003, abb. 17, 19/a,b, 20, 21. 541 Mozsolics 1985, 158/1 (Vajdácska), Németi 1990, fig. 1/7 (Berveni). 542 Vasiliev 2008, p. 3-5. 543 Kacsó 1990, fig. 9/15 (Libotin); Németi 1990, fig. 5/8 (Berveni), 12/2, 15/7 (Carei). 544 Kacsó 1981, p. 63 (Lăpuş); Kacsó 1990, fig. 8/7,13. 545 Németi 1990, fig. 6/2,12 (Berveni), 12/7,13/2 (Carei). 546 Vasiliev 2008. p. 2-5. 547 Németi 1990, fig. 3/6 (Berveni), 13/2 (Carei). 548 Kacsó 1981, p. 62, Kacsó 2001, abb. 20 (Lăpuş). 549 For their presence within the cultural groups in Banat see: Gumă 1993, 168-180, pl. XIII-XXII; Bukvic 2000, T.:l/1,1/6, 3/2. 550 por jpg presence Qf channeled decoration arranged in a garland pattern within the Igriţa group see: Chidioşan - Emödi 1982, p. 77, fig. 1/4-5; 3/2; 6/8; Chidioşan — Emödi 1983, p. 21, fig. 2/1, 3/2, 4/3, 5/8; Andriţoiu 1992, pl. 60/5. 551 It appears within the Csórva group (Trogmayer 1963, p 85-122, Taf.7-34); it is maintained also in the Ha A1 (V. Szabó 1996, abb. 46/1-2,4). 552 Németi 1990, fig. 6/1 (Berveni), 13/1 (Carei); Mozsolics 1985, p. 158/1 (Vajdácska); Kemenczei 1982, abb. 10/ 2,6; Kemenczei 1984, taf. CXXIX/1; Demeterová 1986, taf. II/4 (Borsa). 553 Kacsó 1993, pl. IX/18 (Suciu de Sus); Kacsó 2001, abb. 11,12,13,14,15 (Lăpuş). 80
