Marta, Liviu: The Late Bronze Age Settlements of Petea-Csengersima (Satu Mare, 2009)
III. Habitation of te Suciu de Sus Archaeological Culture
in relief. Other channelled motifs were achieved by pressing instruments with rounded dps into the soft clay. The differing dimensions of these gave the channels their width, ranging from 1,5 cm to 2-3 mm giving the impression of wide incisions. The decorative motifs present in the two settlements are: oblique arched channels (FA), distanced oblique channels (FB), distanced vertical channels (FC), vertical channels, narrow and slightly distanced (FD), thin channels (FE), narrow tightly placed channels (FF), wide tightly placed channels (FG), arched channels (FH), channelled arches that frame a knob (FI), channelled arches that frame an incised line (FJ), circular channel that surrounds a knob (FK). The different channelled ornaments are present in various forms since the Suciu de Sus I phase222. Oblique channels, slightly arched or vertical, are frequently used on the pottery of the settlement at Petea-Csengersima. These were used to decorate the bodies of cups and more rarely on some bowls. Oblique wide channels (FG) are very rarely found on amphorae. Oblique channelled decoration adorning the bodies of cups (rarely that of other vessel types) was observed in several sites from the 3rd phase of the Suciu de Sus culture223 224 225. Oblique, vertical or slightly arched channels are motifs that play an essential part in the ornamentation of neighbouring cultural environments (Hajdúbagos—Cehăluţ, Berkesz, Piliny). However these channelled motifs do not necessarily prove an influence of these cultures on Suciu pottery considering that these motifs are already present in the first phase of the culture22'1 and continue to be widely used also during the second phase223. An identical situation is encountered also in the case of channelled arches on cups and amphorae (PL 25/14, 33/3) present in other late settlements of the culture226 227 as well. Channelled arches that surround the knobs of cups, amphorae and bowls are very common in the surrounding cultural environments: Cehăluţ-Hajdubagos (Otomani IV) 221, Berkesz228, and Piliny229. However, in this case we need to have in mind the history of the early phases of the Suciu culture because channelled arches and spirals from these phases230 might represent a link with the 3rd phase of the Otomani culture when these motifs are marked by a flourishing period231. In the late phase of the Suciu culture there are vessels that combine channelled and incisedexcised decoration. They were discovered in the settlement at Petea—Csengersima (PI. 27/7, 30/6, 33/3), but also in other settlements of the Suciu de -Sus culture232. Channelled decoration will be replaced by excised-incised decoration on the cups of the first phase of the Lăpuş group. Starting with the second phase channelled decoration will become characteristic of the whole area in which the Suciu de Sus culture once existed. Horizontal incised lines (the G group of ornaments — Typ. pl. 3). Simple (GN) or double (GM) horizontal lines are often used to frame the decorative registers. They can appear as independent motifs when they are present as strips that comprise horizontal lines: simple lines (GA), lines accompanied by small notches (GC, GD, GE), accompanied by triangles (GB, GG, GH, GI, GJ) or in the case of the motif GK, accompanied by triangles and notches. Almost all the time the motifs took shape from strips of horizontal lines which are 222 Kacsó 1995, p. 95, pl. VI/1, VII/2,3; Vasiliev et al. 2002, fig. 32/1, 46/2. 223 Bader 1978, pi. LI/1,3, LIII/9; Kacsó 1987, abb. 1/9; Pop 2003, abb. 4/14; Kacsó 2003, pl. XXXIV/5; Kacsó 2004, abb. 2/7, abb. 3/10-13; Kacsó 2005, pl. 7/18, 8/1,2; Kacsó 2006, fig. 7/9, 18/16, 18. 224 Kacsó 1995, pl. VI1/2; Vasiliev et al. 2002, fig. 32/1, 46/2. 225 Bader 1978, pl. XLV/4,6,9,10,15, XLVII/29. 226 Kalicz 1960, t. VII/4,5; Kacsó 2003, pl. XXXIV/3; Kacsó 2005, pl. 1/20, 7/17, 8/3,4. 227 Kovács 1970, pl. 1/16-21, 2/1,16, 3/13, 4/2,10,13,10/5,7; Bader 1978, p.56; Kacsó 1999, p. 93-97; Bejinariu 2000, p. 170. 228 Kemenczei 1984, taf. LVI/4, 9. 229 Kemenczei 1984, taf. XXII 1/7, 9, 14 etc. 230 Kacsó 1995, pl. VI/1, VII/3; Bader 1978, pl. XLIX/5,6,7,10. 231 Bader 1958, p. 52-53. 232 Kacsó 2004, abb.3/10; Kacsó 2005, pl. 7/10. 39
