Szabolcs-Szatmár-Beregi levéltári évkönyv 13. (Nyíregyháza, 1999)

Rezümék (angol, német)

Janos Bene NYIREGYHAZA SOLDIERS IN THE CARPATHIANS IN 1944-1945 Three Nyiregyhaza units of the former Royal Hungarian Defense Forces took part in the heavy fighting in the Carpathian Mountains in 1944-45: the 12

th Infantry Regiment (commander: Col. Ferenc Muzsay), the 22

nd Field Artillery Batallion (commander: Col. Istvan Saary), and the 78

th Field Artillery Batallion (commander: Lt. Col. Laszlo Mogyor6ssy). All the three units were part of the 24

th Infantry Division, 1

st Army, Ungvar (today: Uzhorod, Ukraine). It is possible to sum up the events of the long year between the mobilization order (midFebruary 1944) and early April 1945, when the 24th Division stopped fighting, as follows: the first units of the 24th Division started to reach the front in mid-February, soon after mobilization. By the middle of April they were in Galicia. Most of the units met their baptism of fire on the 24

th of April 1944 in the vicinity of Kolomea. Then came more than two months of trench warfare between the Soviet and Hungarian units, that faced each other in their fortified defense positions. On the 23rd of April 1944 the Soviet troops broke through the line held by the 1st Hungarian Army near the Carpathian Mountains. From that time on, all Nyiregyhaza troops were involved in a delaying tactic, trying to slow down the progress of the Soviet Army, first in the Carpathians, later in Subcarpathia. In early November the fighting was going on along Tisza and Bodrog Rivers. 1945 found our foot soldiers and artillerymen in Slovakia, in the mountains again. The generals and ranking officers of the Division worried about the fate of their soldiers, and near Stubnyafurdo they made a daring decision: they made an agreement with the Soviet and Romanian troops to open the front. In exchange, the remnants of the Division were not taken prisoner, but they were taken over to the Provisory National Government of Hungary in Debrecen. This unit became the core of the 5th Infantry Division of the new, post-war army of the democratic Hungary. Laszlo Bukovszky THE REPATRIATION OF THE SLOVAKIAN POPULATION OF NYIREGYHAZA TO SLOVAKIA AS REPORTED IN THE PAPER SLOBODA The voluntary repatriation of the ethnic Slovakian population, called the Tirpaks, living in Nyiregyhaza and the small farms around it to Slovakia took place in accordance with the agreement regarding an exchange of population signed in Budapest on the 27th of February 1946. As part of the population exchange a total of 4,508 people moved from Nyiregyhaza and its vicinity to Czechoslovakia. The study follows the preparations and process of repatriation as well as the settlement of the Tirpaks in Slovakia, using the writings published in the Slovakian paper Sloboda, published in Hungary. Sloboda (Slovakian for "Freedom") was originally published as a forum of the Slav Anti-Fascist Front on the 9th of June 1945. Initially it published writings