Murányi János szerk.: A Csíki Székely Múzeum Évkönyve 2006. Humán-és Természettudományok (Csíkszereda, 2007)
NÉPRAJZ - FARKAS IRÉN: Népi szerelmi ajándéktárgyak a Csíki Székely Múzeum fagyűjteményében
A CSÍKI SZÉKELY MÚZEUM ÉVKÖNYVE 2006 143-180 FARKAS IRÉN NÉPI SZERELMI AJÁNDÉKTÁRGYAK A CSÍKI SZÉKELY MÚZEUM FAGYŰJTEMÉNYÉBEN Abstract: [Wooden presents of love in the collection of the Szekler Museum of Csík] The work treat the presents of love before the marriage, one specific custom in the traditional popular culture of the county of Ciuc ( rom ) / Csík ( hung.) The custom to give working tools as presents of love has its previous history in 18 th century, but spread especially in 19 th century. They are a part from the group of the engagement objects, but are not considered as serious and official signs of the engagement. The presented objects are worked in wood and arc domestic tools: tools of weaving and spinning: distaff, shuttle, reel, battledore. The usual tools were not decorated, but those who were given in present by love had a rich ornamentation executed by different techniques. If the girl has agreed to be courted by the young man, it worked with these tools or kept them in the house in a place of honour. As for the techniques of ornamentation, the motives are mostly grooved with the pocket knife, or scratched, painted, but there are also sculptured and painted pieces. Their typology is archaic, especially that of the distaffs. The oldest types are the distaff with short stalk (of arm); distaff with long stalk (held between knees or put on ground); distaff on foot and that in stool. The distaff on foot could be long, fixed to nails in the ceiling; and short having the longer bench where we could sit down. All these types of distaffs commonly known in Transylvania, in territories lived by the Hungarians. The decoration of the archaic types has geometrical motives, the floral and phytomorphes motives also fit into the geometrical style. Among the more recent pieces we find sculptured and painted objects, dated the end of the 19 lh and of the beginning of the 20 th century. These objects of present usually present inscriptions, dedications and dating. By the beauty of the ornamentation and by their rareness these objects represent a extraordinary cultural value. The work also contains a chronological in order catalog of these pieces. Rezumat: [Daruri din dragoste din lemn în colectia Muzeului Secuiesc al Ciucului] Lucrarea trateazä darurile din dragoste dinaintea logodnei, un obicei specific in cultura traditionalä popularä secuiascä din zona Ciucultii. Obiceiul de a da obiecte de lucru in dar din dragoste îsi are rädäcinile in secolul al 18-lea, dar s-a râspândit mai ales în secolul al 19-lea. Acestea fac parte din gama obiectelor de dar si de logodnä, însa nu sunt percepute ca semne valoroase, serioase aie logodnei oficiale. Ele sunt semne ale iubirii sincere (uneori necontrolate, nestiute de pärinti) dintre tineri. Obiectele prezentate sunt lucrate în lemn, sunt unelte ale torsului, ale tesutului, ale gospodäriei: furca de tors, tindeica, fusul, maiul de rufe. Uneltele obisnuite de lucru nu aveau ornamentatie. Cele däruite din dragoste erau bogat ornamentate, lucrate eu mâna, în diferitc tehnici. Dacä fata a acceptât sä fie curtatä de bäiat, se ducea la sezätoare cu furca de tors däruitä, sau o punea în casa curatä, la loc de cinste. Erau cazuri când chiar soacra mare împodobea furca de tors eu fus §i panglicä ro§ie.
