Koppány Tibor: A Balaton környékének műemlékei (Művészettörténet - műemlékvédelem 3 Országos Műemlékvédelmi Hivatal, 1993)

Angol nyelvű összefoglaló

railroading. The southern side railway line was executed between 1858-61, the first romantic railwaystations when were built at that time can be seen in Siófok, Balatonszentgyörgy and many other places, mostly on basis of the plans of the Viennese Wilhelm von Flattich and Carl Etzel. The railway gave a impulse to the traffic of the lake country, and after 1850 the building of both sides with holiday resorts started vehemently. The first romantic private building is the so called Csillagvár (Starcastle) erected between 1820 be found in Balatonszentgyörgy, the forester's lodge of the Festetics domain there, the work of architect Vilmos Kehrn. From much later, the 1860-70' originates a nunnery planned by episcopal architect Joseph Szentirmay, located in Veszprém; in the same place coused be found a synagogue which has been pulled down recently, a work of Mátyás Zitterbarth of Pest. From Balatonalmádi to Keszthely, and from Siófok to Balatonmáriafürdő everywhere appeared holiday-homes constructed with porches made of carved wood, called Swiss villas then, and in Balatonfüred and Keszthely, that still were regarded as the most important centers, the storied romantic villas. The Dőry villa was built in 1869, the Jókai villa in 1870, and in 1862 in Keszthely the 17 Balaton Street building. Under the influence of romanticism began the discovery of the ancient constructions. It was in 1859-60 that the first generator of Hungarian archeology, and historiography of art, the Benedectine Friar Flóris Rómer went around this region, visiting the northern side of the lake. Károly Bergh and Antal Hencz in his company also drew the then visible Roman and medieval ruins and the centuries old churches that survived in a reconstructed form. From the 1870s the architecture of historicism marked the lake district. The Balatonfüred esplanade was constructed in 1865-1866, and in 1866 the earliest bathing-house was built of wood in the same place, according to the plans of the Budapest professor Győző Czigar. Between 1874-77 the present-day sanatorium and its restaurant were erected, and in 1880 a further building of the hospital. The Yacht Club built in 1886, according to the plans of Budapest architect Alajos Hauszmann, shows that yachting struck roots here. The holiday center of the southern shore, Siófok quickly developed was with the start of steamship traffic. In 1878 the first bathing-establishment was built here, on the lake, from 1885 villas have been mushrooming here. The first hotel here was put up in 1893. Balatonföld vár'

s holiday-resort was established in 1895, and a hotel was also built in that year; 1898 the settlement already had an operating water-system and public lighting. The Keszthely and the northern shore railway, built in 1887, gave a new incentive to the transformation of villages into holiday-resorts. In these decades, on the Somogy county side, castles were erected in Gugy, Kéthely, Somogyvár, Szőlősgyörök and Szőlóskislak respectively, the biggest one in Keszthely. Here, in 1883, Prince Tasziló Festetics, just then promoted to that rank had the still existing monumental castle built by Viennese artists and masters. Leaving the earlier Baroque building's southern part intact, Viktor Rumpelmayer and succeeding architects Haas and Paschkisch executed thes biggest eclectic monuments in the Balaton region until 1887. The series of eclectic castles was closed with the remarkable architect of the centurys end, Miklós Ybl, who planned the Keszthely castle riding school and the Marcali Széchényi castle.