XX. századi műemlékek és védelmük (A 26. Egri Nyári Egyetem előadásai 1996 Eger, 1996)

Előadások: - Suzanne van Aerschot-van Haeverbeeck: Recording and protecting the architectural heritage of the twentieth century in Belgium and especially in Flanders

in 1992. The deserted Guiette House (1926—7) in Antwerp, built by le Corbusier, was already protected in 1978 but its maintenance and restoration in a changed urban environment were solved only in 1987 when it was restored by architect G. Baines. Other individual buildings of the inventoried areas got the same treatment and are rather secured now as long as their physical condition will do and their function will be kept up; in some cases the demolition was delayed by official protection, which also tried to set in the re-use and restoration process. Interesting is that thanks to the mentioned Flemish Decree it was possible to protect valuable areas representative of the town development and the mix of architectural styles at a specific period. The end nineteenth-beginning twentieth century ,,Zurenborg" quarter in Berchem/Antwerp, for example was entered as conservaation area in 1980 with a specification in 1984 for 190 monuments. The suburb ,,garden city-like'

1 „Unitas quarter" in Deurne/Antwerp, (1923—32), designed by architect Van Steenbergen was entered in 1982. In Ghent, individual houses of the Station quarter and the adjacent housing estate called ,,Millions-Quarter", built on the lay-out of the Ghent World Exhibition of 1913, came under official protection partly as monument and conservation area in 1994—95. An interesting case is the oldests seaside settlement of De Panne (turn of the century), inventoried in the late seventies and than proposed for legal protection. The Minister in charge called it a political suicide as the area stood under heavy speculative pressure; the proposal was re-introduced and approved, much later, in 1995, when the general atmosphere, the minister's engagement and the attitude of the municipality and the owners were positive and the settlement got through a kind of self-regeneration already. It must be said that the previous minister J. Sauwens (1992—95) responsible for the monuments' protection was the first to include in his official declaration that attention has to be paid to the inventoried ,,young architectural heritage" and the consequent actualisation of inventories with dérivâtes in typological and other studies. In figures this means that among the 5.500 officially protected ,,monuments" in Flanders, some 350 items represent the end nineteenth- twentieth century architecture. Protecting and recording in Wallony and Brussels To complete the picture it is necessary to give a rough idea about what happens with the inventories in Wallony and Brussels. As said before, Wallony never got an interruption in the inventory-making process of 1965—6 and went on with the experimental visual method and the imposed chronological limit up to the last years. As the inventory team was much later included in the Heritage Division of the regional Environment Administration it was not involved in the official protection process. In 1990—2 the team was considerably enlarged in order to complete the regional overview-inventory. The two districts left will be published real soon. The inventories are used as protection instrument in so far as building permits for every items entered must be examinated and approved by the Heritage Administration; this means an amount of — sometimes unnecessary — work, that is likely to slow down the number of entrees. Nevertheless this administration and the Royal Commission Section entered twentieth century architecture; about a fifty are protected officially by now, among others the house of architect Ch. Van den Hove (1961) and the bridge of Wandre (1987—1990) by ir. R. Greisch, considered as a real ,,landmark" in the broad environment.