Matskási István (szerk.): A Magyar Természettudományi Múzeum évkönyve 85. (Budapest 1993)

Gasparik, M.: Deinotheres (Proboscidea, Mammalia) of Hungary

Mi - lower anterior molar. It is a rectangular trilophodont tooth, its widest crest is the protolophid, the narrowest is the tritolophid. The two anterior crests are slightly convex posteriorly, the tritolophid is approximately straight. The transversal valleys between the lophids are divided by low ridges about in the axis of the tooth. The outer edges of the valleys are open. The anterior cingulum is very weakly developed, the posterior one is a little wider (Fig. 8). M2 - lower second molar. It is a rectangular, bilophodont tooth. The protolophid is wider and more convex than the hypolophid. The transversal valley is divided by a small ridge, which is formed by the merging of the two small crests running down anteriorly from the hypolophid's cusps. From these crests the labial one is more developed. Both edges of the valley are blocked; lingually by a small accessory cusp (protostylid) and labially by the metastylid, which is composed of small conelets. The anterior cingulum is very weakly developed, the posterior talonid is wide (Fig. 9). M3 - lower posterior molar. The only difference in the crown-morphology of M2 and M3 that on the M3 the talonid is much more wider, at its tallest point is cusp-like (Fig. 10). P

3 - upper anterior premolar. It is rounded in shape, its crown-elements are the following: on the external side a longitudinal ectoloph is formed by the junction of the paracone and metacone. The two isolated lingual cusps are laterally elongated, both of them extend as far as the inner edge of the ectoloph. They form a low incipient transversal crest. The protocone and hypocone are separated by a narrow and deep valley which joins into the longitudinal valley. The latter runs along the inner wall of the ectoloph. The former (transversal) one is locked externally by a thin semicircular spur.the mesostyle (HARRIS 1973:313). The tooth bears a thin anterior cingulum, it extends as far as the anterolabial wall of the tooth, while lingually is connected to the mesostyle (Fig. 11). P

4 - upper posterior premolar. No P

4 was found in the material. M

1 - upper anterior molar. Considering its crown-elements it is similar to the M

1

. It is a trilophodont quadrangular tooth, narrows posteriorly and has curved sides. The crests are concave posteriorly, the widest is the protoloph, the narrowest is the tritoloph. The transversal valleys are open lingually, its labial edges are blocked by small spurs (parastyle and metastyle). The posterior cingulum is poorly developed, the anterior one is massive (Fig. 13). M

2 - upper second molar. It is a rounded, square bilophodont tooth. The two transversal crests have equal width, both of them are concave posteriorly (the metaloph is more curved). One small ridge runs obliquely downwards and backwards from the cusps of the protoloph to the foot of the metaloph. Such small ridges are on the posterior walls of the metaloph's cusps, these run into one another behind the metaloph or join to the weak posterior cingulum. The anterior cingulum is well developed. The transversal valley is blocked at its both edges, lingually by the thin mesostyle and labially by the more developed metastyle (Fig. 17). M - upper posterior molar. No M was found in the material. (In the following - during the description of the other deinothere species' tooth finds - I give full details only at those teeth, where the crown-morphology differs considerably from that of the above-described teeth.) Prodeinotherium bavaricum (V. MEYER, 1831) (Fig. 12) Dinotherium bavaricum V MEYER, 1831: 297. Dinotherium giganteum KAUP: WEINSHEIMER 1883: 18-19,24, 29-33. Dinotherium bavaricum V. MEYER: ROGER 1885: 217. Deinotherium bavaricum V. MEYER: OSBORN 1936: 99-102, figs 63-65. Dinotherium bavaricum V. MEYER: GRAF 1957: 151-160, fig. 11. Deinotherium bavaricum V. MEYER: BERGOUNIOUX & CROUZEL 1962: 20-26, 50-54, figs 3-4. Prodeinotherium bavaricum (V MEYER): HARRIS 1973: 293-294. P

3 - It was not found in the material. P4, Mi, M2, M3 - In the case of these teeth there are no considerable differences from the Prodeinotherium hungaricum.